It sounds like you’re describing the structure of the Earth, particularly the mantle and the core. To elaborate:
The Earth's interior is composed of several layers:
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Crust: The outermost layer, which is relatively thin and consists of solid rock. It includes both continental and oceanic crust.
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Mantle: Below the crust lies the mantle, which extends to about 2,900 kilometers (1,800 miles) deep. The mantle is made of solid rock, but it behaves like a viscous fluid over long periods of time, allowing for the movement of tectonic plates. The mantle is composed of silicate minerals rich in magnesium and iron.
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Outer Core: Beneath the mantle is the outer core, which is liquid and composed mainly of iron and nickel. The movement of molten metal in the outer core is responsible for generating Earth's magnetic field.
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Inner Core: At the very center of the Earth lies the inner core, a solid sphere primarily made of iron and nickel. The pressures are so immense that, despite the high temperatures, the inner core remains solid.
The Earth's mantle plays a crucial role in geological processes such as plate tectonics, volcanic activity, and the thermal regulation of the planet. If you have any specific questions or would like to know more about a particular aspect of the Earth's layers, feel free to ask!