Thomas Hooker was a key figure in the early colonial history of America, particularly known for his role in founding the Connecticut Colony. His desire for a government with strict limits was influenced by his belief in a democratic system that promoted increased participation of the general populace in governance.
In the 1630s, Hooker, a Puritan minister who had settled in the Massachusetts Bay Colony, became dissatisfied with theocratic governance and the limited political power afforded to the general populace under the Massachusetts charter. He believed that the government should be more accountable to the people and that voting rights should extend beyond church members.
In 1636, Hooker led a group of followers to the Connecticut River Valley, where they established a new settlement in Hartford. There, he advocated for a fundamental set of laws that emphasized the principles of government by the consent of the governed. In 1638, this culminated in the Fundamental Orders of 1638-1639, which are often considered the first written constitution that created a government.
The Fundamental Orders established a government that allowed for broader participation in the electoral process, including more men being able to vote regardless of church membership. This document laid the groundwork for a more democratic approach to governance in the new colony and reflected Hooker's vision of limited government and greater individual rights.
In summary, Hooker’s actions in founding Connecticut and his promotion of the Fundamental Orders directly addressed his desire for a colony characterized by a more limited government and greater democratic principles.