Question

Question

Which of the following demonstrates the central dogma of molecular biologists?(1 point)
Responses

Gene expression relies on environmental factors that determine which traits are dominant.
Gene expression relies on environmental factors that determine which traits are dominant.

DNA and RNA mutate into either harmful or helpful effects on the human body.
DNA and RNA mutate into either harmful or helpful effects on the human body.

Proteins replicate DNA which gives the expression of traits to an organism.
Proteins replicate DNA which gives the expression of traits to an organism.

DNA and RNA hold the code to create proteins that are the key to gene expression.

Answer 1

The statement that best demonstrates the central dogma of molecular biology is:

DNA and RNA hold the code to create proteins that are the key to gene expression.

The central dogma describes the flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein, emphasizing the role of proteins in expressing genetic traits.

Answer 2

After the amino acid chain leaves the ribosome, which organelle then folds, modifies, and transports the protein?(1 point)
Responses

Ribosome
Ribosome

Endoplasmic Reticulum
Endoplasmic Reticulum

Cytoplasm
Cytoplasm

Lysosome

Answer 3

The correct response is:

Endoplasmic Reticulum

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is responsible for folding, modifying, and transporting proteins after they are synthesized by the ribosome.

Answer 4

Look at the DNA sequence.

C G T T A C T G C A A T
G C A A T G A C G T T A
Which sequence shows a substitution mutation?

(1 point)
Responses

C G T G A C T G C A A T
G C A C T G A C G T T A
C G T G A C T G C A A T G C A C T G A C G T T A

C G T C T A C T G C A A T
G C A G A T G A C G T T A
C G T C T A C T G C A A T G C A G A T G A C G T T A

C G T T A C T G C A A T
G C A A T G A C G T T A
C G T T A C T G C A A T G C A A T G A C G T T A

C G T A C T G C A A T
G C A T G A C G T T A

Answer 5

A substitution mutation occurs when one base in the DNA sequence is replaced with another base.

Looking at the sequences provided, the one that shows a substitution mutation is:

C G T A C T G C A A T
G C A T G A C G T T A

In this case, the "T" in the first sequence has been replaced with an "A," representing a substitution mutation.

Answer 6

Which of the following best describes how a liver cell and skin cell have the exact same DNA sequence and yet look different and perform different functions?(1 point)
Responses

The proteins are expressed differently in each cell.
The proteins are expressed differently in each cell.

The cells mutate during transcription.
The cells mutate during transcription.

The cells discard the DNA that is not in use.
The cells discard the DNA that is not in use.

The tRNA uses a different sequence in each cell during transcription.

Answer 7

The correct response is:

The proteins are expressed differently in each cell.

This statement describes how different types of cells, like liver and skin cells, can have the same DNA sequence but express different proteins and perform different functions due to the regulation of gene expression.

Answer 8

Stella described protein synthesis as a process that makes the necessary proteins for the human body to function. She explained the process in the following steps.

DNA is transcribed into mRNA.
Amino acids form a chain.
The amino acid chain is folded into a protein in the endoplasmic reticulum.
What step did Stella miss in her explanation?

(1 point)
Responses

DNA is replicated into two daughter cells.
DNA is replicated into two daughter cells.

mRNA is translated into amino acids.
mRNA is translated into amino acids.

tRNA delivers the DNA to the ribosome.
tRNA delivers the DNA to the ribosome.

Polypeptide chains express gene traits.

Answer 9

The step that Stella missed in her explanation is:

mRNA is translated into amino acids.

This step is crucial in the process of protein synthesis, as it involves the translation of the mRNA sequence into a corresponding sequence of amino acids, which then forms the protein.