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Sentence: Prior to heading to the store, I compiled a list of everything I needed.
Explanation: The comma following "store" is essential to distinguish the introductory dependent clause ("Prior to heading to the store") from the main independent clause ("I compiled a list of everything I needed"). This punctuation enhances clarity and improves overall readability. -
Sentence: I invited my friends, including Sarah, Mike, and Jess, to the party.
Explanation: The commas surrounding "including Sarah, Mike, and Jess" are necessary because this phrase serves as a non-restrictive appositive. It adds extra detail about "my friends" without changing the fundamental meaning of the sentence. The main point remains intact even if the appositive is removed: I invited my friends. -
Sentence: It's a lovely day, yet I still need to work.
Explanation: The comma placed before "yet" is crucial for separating two independent clauses ("It's a lovely day" and "I still need to work"). This comma clarifies the conjunction linking two complete thoughts, emphasizing the contrast between the two clauses.
rephrase this
1. **Sentence**: Before going to the store, I made a list of everything I needed.
**Explanation**: The comma is needed after "store" to separate the introductory dependent clause ("Before going to the store") from the main independent clause ("I made a list of everything I needed"). This helps to clarify the meaning and improve readability.
2. **Sentence**: I invited my friends, Sarah, Mike, and Jess, to the party.
**Explanation**: The commas are needed around "Sarah, Mike, and Jess" because this is an example of a non-restrictive appositive. The appositive provides additional information about "my friends" without altering the core meaning of the sentence. Removing the appositive would still retain the main point: that I invited my friends.
3. **Sentence**: It's a beautiful day, but I still have to work.
**Explanation**: The comma is used before "but" to separate two independent clauses ("It's a beautiful day" and "I still have to work"). This comma is necessary to indicate the conjunction joining two complete thoughts, thereby clarifying the contrast between the two clauses.
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