At the border of the South American and Nazca plate, there is a long and large mountain range called the Andes. Why did these mountains form? (1 point)
Responses
These mountains formed due to a divergent boundary.
These mountains formed due to a divergent boundary.
These mountains formed due to a transform boundary.
These mountains formed due to a transform boundary.
These mountains formed due to a still boundary.
These mountains formed due to a still boundary.
These mountains formed due to a convergent boundary.
Which statement best describes how a ridge forms? (1 point)
Responses
Two tectonic plates move towards each other, causing a sudden drop in the ocean floor that can be miles deep.
Two tectonic plates move towards each other, causing a sudden drop in the ocean floor that can be miles deep.
Two tectonic plates move away from each other, causing them to push up against each other.
Two tectonic plates move away from each other, causing them to push up against each other.
Two tectonic plates move away from each other, causing lava to spew out of the ground and harden.
Two tectonic plates move away from each other, causing lava to spew out of the ground and harden.
Two tectonic plates move towards each other, causing one plate to slip under the other.
Why do tectonic plates on Earth’s surface move?(1 point)
Responses
The heat from Earth’s core moves molten rock beneath the plates.
The heat from Earth’s core moves molten rock beneath the plates.
The plates are surrounded by bodies of water that push the plates.
The plates are surrounded by bodies of water that push the plates.
The iron blocks in Earth’s core collide and move the plates.
The iron blocks in Earth’s core collide and move the plates.
The pressure from the ground pushes the plates apart.
Where do earthquakes normally occur?(1 point)
Responses
at the center of tectonic plates
at the center of tectonic plates
at the edges of Earth’s bodies of water
at the edges of Earth’s bodies of water
at the center of Earth’s core
at the center of Earth’s core
at the edges of tectonic plates
In which direction is Hawaii's chain of islands moving?
A map of the Pacific Ocean shows a chain of islands. There is a compass rose in the bottom left corner with an arrow for north pointing toward the top of the map. The first island, labeled Hawaii is in the bottom right corner. Moving toward the upper left corner are the following islands in order: Kahoolawe, Maui, Lanai, Molkokai, Oahu, Niihau and ending with Kauai in the uper left corner of the map.(1 point)
Responses
Southwest
Southwest
Northwest
Northwest
Southeast
Southeast
Northeast
Which outlines the effects of root wedging? (1 point)
Responses
As pressure from the earth’s crust increases, the top layer of the rock cracks.
As pressure from the earth’s crust increases, the top layer of the rock cracks.
As water in cracks of rocks turns to ice, the crack becomes larger.
As water in cracks of rocks turns to ice, the crack becomes larger.
As plant roots in cracks of rocks grow, the crack grows as well.
As plant roots in cracks of rocks grow, the crack grows as well.
As rocks being moved by wind hit other rocks, the rocks being hit are broken down.
How is chemical weathering different from physical weathering?(1 point)
Responses
Chemical weathering forms new substances, while physical weathering does not.
Chemical weathering forms new substances, while physical weathering does not.
Chemical weathering requires a reaction with water, while physical weathering does not.
Chemical weathering requires a reaction with water, while physical weathering does not.
Chemical weathering involves plants and animals, while physical weathering does not.
Chemical weathering involves plants and animals, while physical weathering does not.
Chemical weathering results in the breakdown of rock, while physical weathering does not.
What are two examples of chemical weathering?(1 point)
Responses
exfoliation and hydrolysis
exfoliation and hydrolysis
abrasion and carbonation
abrasion and carbonation
hydrolysis and oxidation
hydrolysis and oxidation
oxidation and frost wedging
oxidation and frost wedging
How do mineral deposits form at divergent ocean plate boundaries?(1 point)
Responses
Heat and pressure change the chemical composition of rocks to form minerals.
Heat and pressure change the chemical composition of rocks to form minerals.
Deep underground minerals are lifted up by land movement and exposed by weathering and erosion.
Deep underground minerals are lifted up by land movement and exposed by weathering and erosion.
Underground heated water pulls minerals through cracks in the crust, forming veins of minerals.
Underground heated water pulls minerals through cracks in the crust, forming veins of minerals.
Metals dissolve in superheated water, forming minerals when the water cools.
Since the 1700s, petroleum has been used as fuel for boats, cars, buses, and trains. In addition to this, petroleum is also used to create plastic products. Billions of barrels of petroleum are used every year for these purposes. Meanwhile, the creation of petroleum takes hundreds of millions of years.
What can you conclude about petroleum from the information given in the passage?
(1 point)
Responses
Petroleum will never run out.
Petroleum will never run out.
Petroleum is created using vehicles like boats and cars.
Petroleum is created using vehicles like boats and cars.
Petroleum, like metal ore, requires heat and pressure to be made.
Petroleum, like metal ore, requires heat and pressure to be made.
Petroleum is a nonrenewable resource.
A student claims that earthquakes are more destructive than tsunamis. In one or two sentences, explain at least two reasons that support the student’s claim.(2 points)
Use the image to answer the question.
A satellite image of a river delta. On the bottom right side of the photograph is land with mountains and trees. A river comes from the bottom of the image and goes upwards. On the top right of the image is a body of water. As the river enters the body of water, it branches out into several smaller streams of water. At the locations where the river enters the body of water, there is a light-colored substance.
The image is a photograph of the Yukon River delta in Alaska. Describe how the delta could be changed over time.
1 answer
Responses
Why did the Andes mountains form?
Response: These mountains formed due to a convergent boundary.
Which statement best describes how a ridge forms?
Response: Two tectonic plates move away from each other, causing lava to spew out of the ground and harden.
Why do tectonic plates on Earth’s surface move?
Response: The heat from Earth’s core moves molten rock beneath the plates.
Where do earthquakes normally occur?
Response: at the edges of tectonic plates.
In which direction is Hawaii's chain of islands moving?
Response: Northwest.
Which outlines the effects of root wedging?
Response: As plant roots in cracks of rocks grow, the crack grows as well.
How is chemical weathering different from physical weathering?
Response: Chemical weathering forms new substances, while physical weathering does not.
What are two examples of chemical weathering?
Response: hydrolysis and oxidation.
How do mineral deposits form at divergent ocean plate boundaries?
Response: Underground heated water pulls minerals through cracks in the crust, forming veins of minerals.
What can you conclude about petroleum from the information given in the passage?
Response: Petroleum is a nonrenewable resource.
A student claims that earthquakes are more destructive than tsunamis. In one or two sentences, explain at least two reasons that support the student’s claim.
Earthquakes can occur suddenly and without warning, causing immediate destruction to infrastructure and loss of life in populated areas. Additionally, the shaking of the ground can lead to secondary hazards such as landslides, fires, and damage to water supply systems, amplifying their destructive potential.
Describe how the delta could be changed over time.
The delta could change over time due to sediment deposition from the river as it slows upon entering the body of water, creating new landforms. Additionally, erosion could occur as wave action from the body of water reshapes the edges of the delta and influences the river’s path. Seasonal variations in water flow could also affect the distribution of sediments, altering the delta's shape and habitat.
1 answer