Based on the excerpt, the following statement can be inferred about the effect the Louisiana Purchase would have on the United States:
"Because of the treaty, the French could no longer pose a threat against the United States."
This inference suggests that the acquisition of the territory through the Louisiana Purchase would secure the western borders of the United States and reduce the potential for French military or colonial threats in that region.
The other statements regarding public debt and settling regions require more context to be definitively inferred.