The term most applicable to Mikhail Gorbachev’s reforming of the Soviet economy in the late 1980s is Perestroika. Perestroika refers to the restructuring of the Soviet economic and political system that Gorbachev initiated in an effort to revitalize the economy and promote more openness and flexibility within the Soviet Union.
Glasnost refers to the policy of transparency and openness in government institutions that complemented Perestroika but was not specifically focused on economic reform. Destalinization refers to the process of denouncing the policies and practices of Joseph Stalin, which was initiated earlier, and Realpolitik is a term used for pragmatic and results-oriented politics.
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