12) In 1–2 sentences, analyze and synthesize information about the motivations of both the Umayyads and the Ottomans. (2 pts)(2 points)

Answer 1

Both the Umayyads and the Ottomans sought to expand their empires through military conquests and religious unification, driven by the desire to spread Islam and enhance political power. The Umayyads focused on establishing a vast caliphate that facilitated trade and cultural exchange, while the Ottomans emphasized administrative efficiency and the integration of diverse populations to consolidate their rule over a multicultural empire.