The chemical weathering processes that rely primarily on water are:
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Hydrolysis: This process involves the reaction of minerals with water, leading to the formation of new minerals and dissolved ions. It is a significant mechanism for the weathering of silicate minerals.
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Dissolution: This process involves the dissolving of soluble minerals in water. For example, limestone (calcium carbonate) can dissolve in slightly acidic water.
While precipitation is related to water in that it refers to the process of water falling from the atmosphere (rain, snow, etc.), it is not a weathering process itself. Oxidation involves the chemical reaction of materials with oxygen and does not rely primarily on water, although water can facilitate some oxidation reactions.
Therefore, hydrolysis and dissolution are the main chemical weathering processes that rely primarily on water.