The two forms of financial aid that require the student to bear the costs of college education are:
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Direct Loans: These are loans that students take out to cover education expenses, which they are required to repay with interest after graduation or after leaving school.
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Work-Study Programs: While often providing part-time work opportunities to help students pay for their education, the student is still responsible for covering the overall costs of their education through their earnings from the work-study job.
The other options (federal Pell grant, merit-based scholarships, and minority scholarships) do not require repayment or out-of-pocket costs, as they are forms of gift aid.