The factors that contribute to Gender Based Violence (GBV) on campus. Discuss the theoretical framework . In this section, Identify and justify which theory will be used in the study

### Theoretical Framework and Rationale for Research on Gender-Based Violence (GBV) on Campus

Gender-Based Violence (GBV) on campus is a pressing issue grounded in a complex interplay of sociocultural, psychological, and structural factors. For this study, the **Feminist Theory** will be employed as the primary theoretical framework. Feminist Theory posits that gender is a fundamental organizing principle of social life, and it emphasizes the power dynamics and inequalities that contribute to violence against women and marginalized genders (Tong, 2009). This theory will help analyze how campus environments perpetuate gender inequalities and violence through cultural norms, institutional policies, and socialization processes. By focusing on the systemic causes of GBV, this framework will allow for a comprehensive understanding of how gender-based norms influence the prevalence and nature of violence on college campuses.

In conducting a literature review, key terms such as "gender-based violence," "campus violence," "feminist theory," "sexual violence," "patriarchy," and "gender inequality" will be instrumental in identifying relevant sources. These keywords allow researchers to access a wealth of studies, articles, and policy reports discussing the various dimensions and implications of GBV in academic settings.

The significance of this research proposal lies in its potential to address a critical gap in understanding the prevalence and nuances of GBV on campuses. By applying Feminist Theory as a lens, this study aims not only to uncover the root causes of GBV but also to provide recommendations for creating safer, more equitable educational environments (Heise, 1998). Preliminary data indicates that GBV is alarmingly prevalent on university campuses, affecting students' mental health, academic performance, and overall well-being (Cantalupo, 2014). This research is thus essential to inform policy changes and to develop effective interventions that aim to combat GBV, fostering a culture of respect and equality within educational institutions.

**References:**
- Cantalupo, N. C. (2014). The Law Without a Lawyer: A Study of the Legal Knowledge of Sexual Assault Victims. *Wisconsin Journal of Law, Gender & Social Policy*, 29(1), 139-162.
- Heise, L. L. (1998). Gender-Based Violence: An Enduring Problem. *The Lancet*, 353(9154), 74-75.
- Tong, R. (2009). *Feminist Thought: A More Comprehensive Introduction*. Westview Press.

This proposal underscores the urgency of addressing GBV in campus settings, ultimately aiming to contribute to a broader societal change that fosters gender equality.