Question
Question 1
A)
Look at the picture of the terrain of Greece and answer the following questions:
What are some things you notice about the picture?
(4 points)
Responses
Ocean
Ocean
Trees
Trees
Old building
Old building
Mountains
Mountains
B)Looking at this picture, what economic activities can you assume took place in ancient Greece? Choose all that apply:(3 points)
Responses
Farming
Farming
Fishing
Fishing
Trade
Trade
None of the above
None of the above
C)How would this type of terrain contribute to the rise of independent city-states in ancient Greece?(1 point)
Responses
Farming kept people in one place
Farming kept people in one place
The mountains and ocean made trade easy
The mountains and ocean made trade easy
The mountains and ocean prevented people from uniting into an empire
The mountains and ocean prevented people from uniting into an empire
City-states fought between each other too much to unite
City-states fought between each other too much to unite
Question 2
A)
Use the chart to answer the following questions:
Consul Senate
Assembly of Centuries
and Assembly of Tribes
Number and Makeup two patricians
300 patricians
plebeians (varied based on citizenship)
Term
one year
elected by assemblies
life
appointed by consuls
one year
elected by citizens
Responsibilities
judges
priests
in charge of military
oversaw government officials
created state budget
passed laws
appointed temporary leader in crisis
advised consuls and assemblies
made foreign policy
approved or vetoed laws
vetoed consul actions
served as final court
elected judges and officials
declared war
Basis for Power
need for leadership
wealth and education
made up of soldiers
Limits to Power
one-year term
could be vetoed
one consul could veto the other
didn't control the military
could be vetoed
couldn't propose new laws
According to the chart, who did not have veto power?
(1 point)
Responses
Assembly of Centuries and Assembly of Tribes
Assembly of Centuries and Assembly of Tribes
None
None
Senate
Senate
Consuls over the Senate and Assemblies
Consuls over the Senate and Assemblies
B)(3 points)
According to the chart, the Senate was appointed by
for life, consuls were elected by
for one year, and assemblies were elected by
for one year.
C)According to the chart, which group could approve or veto laws?(1 point)
Responses
Assembly of Centuries and Assembly of Tribes
Assembly of Centuries and Assembly of Tribes
consuls
consuls
Senate
Senate
D)
According to chart, plebeians were:
Choose all that apply:
(4 points)
Responses
made up of soldiers
made up of soldiers
approve or veto laws
approve or veto laws
Part of the Assembly of Centuries and Assembly of Tribes
Part of the Assembly of Centuries and Assembly of Tribes
couldn't propose new laws
couldn't propose new laws
E)According to chart, who was needed for leadership?(1 point)
Responses
Assembly of Centuries and Assembly of Tribes
Assembly of Centuries and Assembly of Tribes
Senate
Senate
consuls
consuls
Question 3
A)Match the aspect of the Roman Republican with its influence on American government:(5 points)
Put responses in the correct input to answer the question. Select a response, navigate to the desired input and insert the response. Responses can be selected and inserted using the space bar, enter key, left mouse button or touchpad. Responses can also be moved by dragging with a mouse.
US trial by jury
US Executive Branch
US Senate
US House of Representative
US Constitution
Question 4
A)Classify by dragging and dropping the internal and external factors that led to the decline of the Roman Empire. Each term is used once.(8 points)
Put responses in the correct input to answer the question. Select a response, navigate to the desired input and insert the response. Responses can be selected and inserted using the space bar, enter key, left mouse button or touchpad. Responses can also be moved by dragging with a mouse.
Internal Factors External Factors
Question 5
A)Match the following person with their philosophy/accomplishment. Each one is used once.(6 points)
Put responses in the correct input to answer the question. Select a response, navigate to the desired input and insert the response. Responses can be selected and inserted using the space bar, enter key, left mouse button or touchpad. Responses can also be moved by dragging with a mouse.
Student of Socrates; believed human mind should be rational, orderly, and virtuous.
Student of Plato; believed logic and deduction using evidence should always be used in research; used a very early form of the scientific method.
King of Macedonia; conquered land from Greece to Pakistan. Student of Aristotle.
Explored the power of human thought and executed for questioning the status quo.
Greek poet who wrote The Iliad and The Odyssey
Roman academic who translated works of Greek philosophers for future generations. Executed for criticizing the Roman government.
Question 6
A)Throughout history, empires have risen and fallen. Two of the most famous were Rome and the Han Dynasty in China. You've learned about these two empires throughout Units 3 and 4. You've noticed the pattern if internal issues with government, economic, and social issues, as well as foreign groups taking advantage of the weakened empires by invading. What happens after the fall as people rebuild?(10 points)
When an empire falls and leaves no leadership, a
forms. This is when people fight for control of a specific area.
In Europe and China, after Rome and the Han fell, the
governing the empires and
networks collapsed.
In Europe, this led to the rise of local, self-reliant, tribal governments and the early medieval
system. When the Han Dynasty fell in China, the empire was split into smaller
and even smaller independent
later.
Trade in China remained under threat from
by Mongols and Xiongnu. In Europe, trade was limited to
between manors.
Religion was a unifying factor in Europe and China at this time. In China,
became popular, while
united communities in Europe.
Question 7
A)Match the terms with their corresponding box. Each term is used once:(9 points)
Put responses in the correct input to answer the question. Select a response, navigate to the desired input and insert the response. Responses can be selected and inserted using the space bar, enter key, left mouse button or touchpad. Responses can also be moved by dragging with a mouse.
Judaism Christianity Islam
Question 8
A)
Use the map to answer the following questions:
How did the Abbasid dynasty benefit from its central location?
(1 point)
Responses
They had easy access to the Indian Ocean
They had easy access to the Indian Ocean
The central location allowed them to control trade routes
The central location allowed them to control trade routes
They could expand territory easily
They could expand territory easily
They could get to different places quickly
They could get to different places quickly
B)Based on your knowledge of cultural diffusion, what else travels along trade routes?(4 points)
Responses
religion
religion
language
language
new technology
new technology
knowledge
knowledge
C)History teachers constantly talk about how important trade routes are because________.(1 point)
Responses
we just like to say 'trade route'
we just like to say 'trade route'
trade routes connect civilizations together
trade routes connect civilizations together
people like to buy things
people like to buy things
merchants like to make money
merchants like to make money
D)The Abbasid Dynasty was connected to west Africa through trade routes. (1 point)
Responses
True
True
False
False
Question 9
A)Drag the following terms to the correct place:(6 points)
Put responses in the correct input to answer the question. Select a response, navigate to the desired input and insert the response. Responses can be selected and inserted using the space bar, enter key, left mouse button or touchpad. Responses can also be moved by dragging with a mouse.
When the Western Roman Empire fell, the Eastern Roman Empire continued to flourish. It became known as the Response area. The capital was renamed Response area after Emperor Constantine. After the Battle of Milvian Bridge, Constantine converted to Christianity and later issued the Response area, allowing Christians to practice with persecution.
Response area was a code of law issued by emperor Justinian. It was used to set rules for the Byzantine Empire and its conquered lands. His wife, Empress Theodora, worked to reform issues in society and Response area.
The Byzantine Empire ended in 1413 when it was conquered by the Response area.
Question 10
A)The Golden Age of the Abbasid preserved knowledge while Europe was in the Dark Ages after the fall of Rome. Match the ways that Islamic scholars preserved knowledge and contributed to knowledge: (5 points)
Preservation Contribution
translation of Greek and Roman texts
new way to measure latitude and longitude
algebra
encyclopedia of medical science
libraries
Question 11
A)
U4L12
How did Axum's location contribute to its growth?
(1 point)
Responses
They were able to move around
They were able to move around
They could do a lot of farming because of the rivers
They could do a lot of farming because of the rivers
It was by the coast and the people could fish
It was by the coast and the people could fish
It was in a good location to be trading hub
It was in a good location to be trading hub
Question 12
A)
Use the map to answer the following question:
What language developed from interaction between these city-states in order to conduct trade?
(1 point)
Responses
Greek
Greek
Swahili
Swahili
Arabic
Arabic
Latin
Latin
Question 13
A)Match the terms with their definitions:(4 points)
Put responses in the correct input to answer the question. Select a response, navigate to the desired input and insert the response. Responses can be selected and inserted using the space bar, enter key, left mouse button or touchpad. Responses can also be moved by dragging with a mouse.
Center for learning about astronomy, math, law, and history
Overland trade routes connecting east and west Africa; used camels
Trade where gold and salt have equal value
Mali king who spread wealth and brought scholars to Mali
A)
Look at the picture of the terrain of Greece and answer the following questions:
What are some things you notice about the picture?
(4 points)
Responses
Ocean
Ocean
Trees
Trees
Old building
Old building
Mountains
Mountains
B)Looking at this picture, what economic activities can you assume took place in ancient Greece? Choose all that apply:(3 points)
Responses
Farming
Farming
Fishing
Fishing
Trade
Trade
None of the above
None of the above
C)How would this type of terrain contribute to the rise of independent city-states in ancient Greece?(1 point)
Responses
Farming kept people in one place
Farming kept people in one place
The mountains and ocean made trade easy
The mountains and ocean made trade easy
The mountains and ocean prevented people from uniting into an empire
The mountains and ocean prevented people from uniting into an empire
City-states fought between each other too much to unite
City-states fought between each other too much to unite
Question 2
A)
Use the chart to answer the following questions:
Consul Senate
Assembly of Centuries
and Assembly of Tribes
Number and Makeup two patricians
300 patricians
plebeians (varied based on citizenship)
Term
one year
elected by assemblies
life
appointed by consuls
one year
elected by citizens
Responsibilities
judges
priests
in charge of military
oversaw government officials
created state budget
passed laws
appointed temporary leader in crisis
advised consuls and assemblies
made foreign policy
approved or vetoed laws
vetoed consul actions
served as final court
elected judges and officials
declared war
Basis for Power
need for leadership
wealth and education
made up of soldiers
Limits to Power
one-year term
could be vetoed
one consul could veto the other
didn't control the military
could be vetoed
couldn't propose new laws
According to the chart, who did not have veto power?
(1 point)
Responses
Assembly of Centuries and Assembly of Tribes
Assembly of Centuries and Assembly of Tribes
None
None
Senate
Senate
Consuls over the Senate and Assemblies
Consuls over the Senate and Assemblies
B)(3 points)
According to the chart, the Senate was appointed by
for life, consuls were elected by
for one year, and assemblies were elected by
for one year.
C)According to the chart, which group could approve or veto laws?(1 point)
Responses
Assembly of Centuries and Assembly of Tribes
Assembly of Centuries and Assembly of Tribes
consuls
consuls
Senate
Senate
D)
According to chart, plebeians were:
Choose all that apply:
(4 points)
Responses
made up of soldiers
made up of soldiers
approve or veto laws
approve or veto laws
Part of the Assembly of Centuries and Assembly of Tribes
Part of the Assembly of Centuries and Assembly of Tribes
couldn't propose new laws
couldn't propose new laws
E)According to chart, who was needed for leadership?(1 point)
Responses
Assembly of Centuries and Assembly of Tribes
Assembly of Centuries and Assembly of Tribes
Senate
Senate
consuls
consuls
Question 3
A)Match the aspect of the Roman Republican with its influence on American government:(5 points)
Put responses in the correct input to answer the question. Select a response, navigate to the desired input and insert the response. Responses can be selected and inserted using the space bar, enter key, left mouse button or touchpad. Responses can also be moved by dragging with a mouse.
US trial by jury
US Executive Branch
US Senate
US House of Representative
US Constitution
Question 4
A)Classify by dragging and dropping the internal and external factors that led to the decline of the Roman Empire. Each term is used once.(8 points)
Put responses in the correct input to answer the question. Select a response, navigate to the desired input and insert the response. Responses can be selected and inserted using the space bar, enter key, left mouse button or touchpad. Responses can also be moved by dragging with a mouse.
Internal Factors External Factors
Question 5
A)Match the following person with their philosophy/accomplishment. Each one is used once.(6 points)
Put responses in the correct input to answer the question. Select a response, navigate to the desired input and insert the response. Responses can be selected and inserted using the space bar, enter key, left mouse button or touchpad. Responses can also be moved by dragging with a mouse.
Student of Socrates; believed human mind should be rational, orderly, and virtuous.
Student of Plato; believed logic and deduction using evidence should always be used in research; used a very early form of the scientific method.
King of Macedonia; conquered land from Greece to Pakistan. Student of Aristotle.
Explored the power of human thought and executed for questioning the status quo.
Greek poet who wrote The Iliad and The Odyssey
Roman academic who translated works of Greek philosophers for future generations. Executed for criticizing the Roman government.
Question 6
A)Throughout history, empires have risen and fallen. Two of the most famous were Rome and the Han Dynasty in China. You've learned about these two empires throughout Units 3 and 4. You've noticed the pattern if internal issues with government, economic, and social issues, as well as foreign groups taking advantage of the weakened empires by invading. What happens after the fall as people rebuild?(10 points)
When an empire falls and leaves no leadership, a
forms. This is when people fight for control of a specific area.
In Europe and China, after Rome and the Han fell, the
governing the empires and
networks collapsed.
In Europe, this led to the rise of local, self-reliant, tribal governments and the early medieval
system. When the Han Dynasty fell in China, the empire was split into smaller
and even smaller independent
later.
Trade in China remained under threat from
by Mongols and Xiongnu. In Europe, trade was limited to
between manors.
Religion was a unifying factor in Europe and China at this time. In China,
became popular, while
united communities in Europe.
Question 7
A)Match the terms with their corresponding box. Each term is used once:(9 points)
Put responses in the correct input to answer the question. Select a response, navigate to the desired input and insert the response. Responses can be selected and inserted using the space bar, enter key, left mouse button or touchpad. Responses can also be moved by dragging with a mouse.
Judaism Christianity Islam
Question 8
A)
Use the map to answer the following questions:
How did the Abbasid dynasty benefit from its central location?
(1 point)
Responses
They had easy access to the Indian Ocean
They had easy access to the Indian Ocean
The central location allowed them to control trade routes
The central location allowed them to control trade routes
They could expand territory easily
They could expand territory easily
They could get to different places quickly
They could get to different places quickly
B)Based on your knowledge of cultural diffusion, what else travels along trade routes?(4 points)
Responses
religion
religion
language
language
new technology
new technology
knowledge
knowledge
C)History teachers constantly talk about how important trade routes are because________.(1 point)
Responses
we just like to say 'trade route'
we just like to say 'trade route'
trade routes connect civilizations together
trade routes connect civilizations together
people like to buy things
people like to buy things
merchants like to make money
merchants like to make money
D)The Abbasid Dynasty was connected to west Africa through trade routes. (1 point)
Responses
True
True
False
False
Question 9
A)Drag the following terms to the correct place:(6 points)
Put responses in the correct input to answer the question. Select a response, navigate to the desired input and insert the response. Responses can be selected and inserted using the space bar, enter key, left mouse button or touchpad. Responses can also be moved by dragging with a mouse.
When the Western Roman Empire fell, the Eastern Roman Empire continued to flourish. It became known as the Response area. The capital was renamed Response area after Emperor Constantine. After the Battle of Milvian Bridge, Constantine converted to Christianity and later issued the Response area, allowing Christians to practice with persecution.
Response area was a code of law issued by emperor Justinian. It was used to set rules for the Byzantine Empire and its conquered lands. His wife, Empress Theodora, worked to reform issues in society and Response area.
The Byzantine Empire ended in 1413 when it was conquered by the Response area.
Question 10
A)The Golden Age of the Abbasid preserved knowledge while Europe was in the Dark Ages after the fall of Rome. Match the ways that Islamic scholars preserved knowledge and contributed to knowledge: (5 points)
Preservation Contribution
translation of Greek and Roman texts
new way to measure latitude and longitude
algebra
encyclopedia of medical science
libraries
Question 11
A)
U4L12
How did Axum's location contribute to its growth?
(1 point)
Responses
They were able to move around
They were able to move around
They could do a lot of farming because of the rivers
They could do a lot of farming because of the rivers
It was by the coast and the people could fish
It was by the coast and the people could fish
It was in a good location to be trading hub
It was in a good location to be trading hub
Question 12
A)
Use the map to answer the following question:
What language developed from interaction between these city-states in order to conduct trade?
(1 point)
Responses
Greek
Greek
Swahili
Swahili
Arabic
Arabic
Latin
Latin
Question 13
A)Match the terms with their definitions:(4 points)
Put responses in the correct input to answer the question. Select a response, navigate to the desired input and insert the response. Responses can be selected and inserted using the space bar, enter key, left mouse button or touchpad. Responses can also be moved by dragging with a mouse.
Center for learning about astronomy, math, law, and history
Overland trade routes connecting east and west Africa; used camels
Trade where gold and salt have equal value
Mali king who spread wealth and brought scholars to Mali
Answers
GPT-4o mini
Below are the answers based on the questions provided:
**Question 1**
A) Things noticed about the picture of the terrain of Greece:
- Ocean
- Trees
- Old building
- Mountains
B) Economic activities that can be assumed to have taken place in ancient Greece:
- Farming
- Fishing
- Trade
C) How the type of terrain contributed to the rise of independent city-states:
- The mountains and ocean prevented people from uniting into an empire.
---
**Question 2**
A) According to the chart, who did not have veto power?
- Assembly of Centuries and Assembly of Tribes
B) According to the chart, the Senate was appointed by **consuls** for life, consuls were elected by **citizens** for one year, and assemblies were elected by **citizens** for one year.
C) Which group could approve or veto laws?
- Senate
D) According to the chart, plebeians were:
- made up of soldiers
- Part of the Assembly of Centuries and Assembly of Tribes
- couldn't propose new laws
E) According to the chart, who was needed for leadership?
- consuls
---
**Question 3**
A) Match the aspects of the Roman Republic with their influence on American government:
- US trial by jury: **Judiciary**
- US Executive Branch: **Consul**
- US Senate: **Senate**
- US House of Representatives: **Assembly of Centuries and Assembly of Tribes**
- US Constitution: **Framework of Government**
---
**Question 4**
Internal Factors:
- Economic Decline
- Political Corruption
- Social Discontent
- Overextension of Territory
External Factors:
- Invasions by Barbarian Tribes
- Pressure from the Huns
- Trade disruption
- Loss of agricultural production
---
**Question 5**
A) Match the following person with their philosophy/accomplishment:
- Student of Socrates; believed human mind should be rational, orderly, and virtuous: **Plato**
- Student of Plato; believed logic and deduction using evidence should always be used in research; used a very early form of the scientific method: **Aristotle**
- King of Macedonia; conquered land from Greece to Pakistan. Student of Aristotle: **Alexander the Great**
- Explored the power of human thought and executed for questioning the status quo: **Socrates**
- Greek poet who wrote The Iliad and The Odyssey: **Homer**
- Roman academic who translated works of Greek philosophers for future generations. Executed for criticizing the Roman government: **Seneca**
---
**Question 6**
A) Responses filled in as described in the prompt:
- When an empire falls and leaves no leadership, a **power vacuum** forms.
- In Europe and China, after Rome and the Han fell, the **centralized governments** governing the empires and **trade** networks collapsed.
- In Europe, this led to the rise of local, self-reliant, tribal governments and the early medieval **feudal** system. when the Han Dynasty fell in China, the empire was split into smaller **kingdoms** and even smaller independent **states** later.
- Trade in China remained under threat from **nomadic invasions** by Mongols and Xiongnu. In Europe, trade was limited to **barter systems** between manors.
- Religion was a unifying factor in Europe and China at this time. In China, **Buddhism** became popular, while **Christianity** united communities in Europe.
---
**Question 7**
- Judaism
- Christianity
- Islam
---
**Question 8**
A) How did the Abbasid dynasty benefit from its central location?
- The central location allowed them to control trade routes.
B) What else travels along trade routes?
- religion
- language
- new technology
- knowledge
C) Importance of trade routes:
- trade routes connect civilizations together.
D) The Abbasid Dynasty was connected to West Africa through trade routes:
- True
---
**Question 9**
A) When the Western Roman Empire fell, the Eastern Roman Empire continued to flourish. It became known as the **Byzantine Empire**. The capital was renamed **Constantinople** after Emperor Constantine. After the Battle of Milvian Bridge, Constantine converted to Christianity and later issued the **Edict of Milan**, allowing Christians to practice without persecution.
The **Corpus Juris Civilis** was a code of law issued by emperor Justinian. It was used to set rules for the Byzantine Empire and its conquered lands. His wife, Empress Theodora, worked to reform issues in society and **promote women's rights**.
The Byzantine Empire ended in 1413 when it was conquered by the **Ottoman Empire**.
---
**Question 10**
Preservation:
- translation of Greek and Roman texts
- libraries
Contribution:
- new way to measure latitude and longitude
- algebra
- encyclopedia of medical science
---
**Question 11**
A) How did Axum's location contribute to its growth?
- It was in a good location to be trading hub.
---
**Question 12**
What language developed from interaction between these city-states in order to conduct trade?
- Swahili
---
**Question 13**
Match the terms with their definitions:
- Center for learning about astronomy, math, law, and history: **House of Wisdom**
- Overland trade routes connecting east and west Africa; used camels: **Trans-Saharan trade routes**
- Trade where gold and salt have equal value: **Gold-Salt Trade**
- Mali king who spread wealth and brought scholars to Mali: **Mansa Musa**
---
These answers encompass the full range of questions provided while adhering closely to historical contexts.
**Question 1**
A) Things noticed about the picture of the terrain of Greece:
- Ocean
- Trees
- Old building
- Mountains
B) Economic activities that can be assumed to have taken place in ancient Greece:
- Farming
- Fishing
- Trade
C) How the type of terrain contributed to the rise of independent city-states:
- The mountains and ocean prevented people from uniting into an empire.
---
**Question 2**
A) According to the chart, who did not have veto power?
- Assembly of Centuries and Assembly of Tribes
B) According to the chart, the Senate was appointed by **consuls** for life, consuls were elected by **citizens** for one year, and assemblies were elected by **citizens** for one year.
C) Which group could approve or veto laws?
- Senate
D) According to the chart, plebeians were:
- made up of soldiers
- Part of the Assembly of Centuries and Assembly of Tribes
- couldn't propose new laws
E) According to the chart, who was needed for leadership?
- consuls
---
**Question 3**
A) Match the aspects of the Roman Republic with their influence on American government:
- US trial by jury: **Judiciary**
- US Executive Branch: **Consul**
- US Senate: **Senate**
- US House of Representatives: **Assembly of Centuries and Assembly of Tribes**
- US Constitution: **Framework of Government**
---
**Question 4**
Internal Factors:
- Economic Decline
- Political Corruption
- Social Discontent
- Overextension of Territory
External Factors:
- Invasions by Barbarian Tribes
- Pressure from the Huns
- Trade disruption
- Loss of agricultural production
---
**Question 5**
A) Match the following person with their philosophy/accomplishment:
- Student of Socrates; believed human mind should be rational, orderly, and virtuous: **Plato**
- Student of Plato; believed logic and deduction using evidence should always be used in research; used a very early form of the scientific method: **Aristotle**
- King of Macedonia; conquered land from Greece to Pakistan. Student of Aristotle: **Alexander the Great**
- Explored the power of human thought and executed for questioning the status quo: **Socrates**
- Greek poet who wrote The Iliad and The Odyssey: **Homer**
- Roman academic who translated works of Greek philosophers for future generations. Executed for criticizing the Roman government: **Seneca**
---
**Question 6**
A) Responses filled in as described in the prompt:
- When an empire falls and leaves no leadership, a **power vacuum** forms.
- In Europe and China, after Rome and the Han fell, the **centralized governments** governing the empires and **trade** networks collapsed.
- In Europe, this led to the rise of local, self-reliant, tribal governments and the early medieval **feudal** system. when the Han Dynasty fell in China, the empire was split into smaller **kingdoms** and even smaller independent **states** later.
- Trade in China remained under threat from **nomadic invasions** by Mongols and Xiongnu. In Europe, trade was limited to **barter systems** between manors.
- Religion was a unifying factor in Europe and China at this time. In China, **Buddhism** became popular, while **Christianity** united communities in Europe.
---
**Question 7**
- Judaism
- Christianity
- Islam
---
**Question 8**
A) How did the Abbasid dynasty benefit from its central location?
- The central location allowed them to control trade routes.
B) What else travels along trade routes?
- religion
- language
- new technology
- knowledge
C) Importance of trade routes:
- trade routes connect civilizations together.
D) The Abbasid Dynasty was connected to West Africa through trade routes:
- True
---
**Question 9**
A) When the Western Roman Empire fell, the Eastern Roman Empire continued to flourish. It became known as the **Byzantine Empire**. The capital was renamed **Constantinople** after Emperor Constantine. After the Battle of Milvian Bridge, Constantine converted to Christianity and later issued the **Edict of Milan**, allowing Christians to practice without persecution.
The **Corpus Juris Civilis** was a code of law issued by emperor Justinian. It was used to set rules for the Byzantine Empire and its conquered lands. His wife, Empress Theodora, worked to reform issues in society and **promote women's rights**.
The Byzantine Empire ended in 1413 when it was conquered by the **Ottoman Empire**.
---
**Question 10**
Preservation:
- translation of Greek and Roman texts
- libraries
Contribution:
- new way to measure latitude and longitude
- algebra
- encyclopedia of medical science
---
**Question 11**
A) How did Axum's location contribute to its growth?
- It was in a good location to be trading hub.
---
**Question 12**
What language developed from interaction between these city-states in order to conduct trade?
- Swahili
---
**Question 13**
Match the terms with their definitions:
- Center for learning about astronomy, math, law, and history: **House of Wisdom**
- Overland trade routes connecting east and west Africa; used camels: **Trans-Saharan trade routes**
- Trade where gold and salt have equal value: **Gold-Salt Trade**
- Mali king who spread wealth and brought scholars to Mali: **Mansa Musa**
---
These answers encompass the full range of questions provided while adhering closely to historical contexts.