birds display a wide variety of courtship behaviors which behavior is also a territorial behavior creating a bower arch with

In many bird species, particularly among the bowerbirds of Australia and New Guinea, males engage in a unique behavior that combines courtship and territoriality by creating structures known as bowers. These bowers are elaborate constructions made from sticks, leaves, and other materials, and they serve as a focal point for attracting females during the mating season.

The bower itself is usually a decorated area where males display and perform elaborate courtship rituals. Male bowerbirds often decorate their bowers with brightly colored objects, such as shells, flowers, and even human-made items, to attract females and demonstrate their fitness as potential mates. The construction and maintenance of the bower require time and effort, and a well-maintained and aesthetically pleasing bower can be a sign of the male's health and genetic quality.

This behavior not only serves to attract females but also marks the male's territory, as bowers occupy physical space in the environment that other males may wish to claim. By establishing a prominent bower, a male demonstrates both his suitability as a mate and his dominance over a specific area, ensuring that he can deter rival males while attracting potential partners.