Here are examples for each of the requested categories:
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Noun: Dog — This is a word that refers to a person, place, thing, or idea.
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Verb: Run — This is a word that describes an action or a state of being.
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Adjective: Blue — This is a word that describes a noun by providing more information about it.
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Adjectival Phrase: Full of energy — This phrase functions as an adjective to describe a noun, such as in "The child, full of energy, ran around the park."
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Adverb: Quickly — This is a word that modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb, usually providing information about how something is done.
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Preposition: Under — This is a word that shows the relationship between a noun (or pronoun) and other words in a sentence, typically indicating location, direction, or time.
Feel free to ask more if you need further clarification or additional examples!