To match the effects of ancient civilizations in Africa with their current causes, we can analyze the provided statements. Here’s how they could be aligned:
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Cause: The Eastern African coast was easily accessible to traders, and a lot of evidence still exists today. Effect: This accessibility facilitated trade, leading to a rich exchange of goods and cultures that continue to influence coastal regions in East Africa.
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Cause: As the global economy changed in the 17th century, European countries began infiltrating Africa. Effect: This resulted in significant economic and political changes, leading to the colonization that deeply affected African societies.
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Cause: Western Africa was also impacted by the spread of Islam. Effect: Islam became a dominant religion in many parts of West Africa, influencing legal, educational, and cultural systems in the region.
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Cause: Berbers discovered that camels could cover greater distances than other pack animals and could travel up to 10 days without water. Effect: This led to the establishment and growth of trans-Saharan trade routes, which facilitated trade in goods like gold and salt.
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Cause: Trade with the Middle East and Africa. Effect: This trade fostered economic interdependence and cultural exchange, which shaped the development of societies within Africa.
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Cause: Traders along the Indian Ocean were impacted by the physical geography of the region. Effect: Geographic features determined trade routes and the locations of ports, impacting economic activity and interactions with other regions.
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Cause: West African empires made much of their wealth by exporting salt. Effect: The salt trade contributed significantly to the wealth and power of empires like Mali and Ghana, influencing their political and social structures.
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Cause: Traditional African religions and Islam became very common in early African societies. Effect: This created a rich tapestry of religious beliefs that influenced art, music, and community life across the continent.
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Cause: The once powerful African empires continue to be impacted by European powers, not only economically but also by the cultures that they brought with them. Effect: This led to cultural changes and challenges to traditional structures and practices in modern African societies.
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Specific Example: Mansa Musa, leader of Mali, practiced Islam and went on a Hajj to Mecca. Effect: His pilgrimage displayed the wealth of the Mali Empire and promoted the Islamic faith, contributing to the cultural and religious landscape of Africa.
These matches illustrate the relationships between historical events and their continuing effects in contemporary Africa.