How did Islam expand rapidly after the fall of the Roman Empire?(1 point)

Islamic empires joined together nomadic groups and small, local kingdoms that were left in a vacuum of power caused by the fall of the Roman Empire.

What is the dominant religion in the Middle East today due to the spread of the religion in the area between 300 and 1500 CE?(1 point)

Responses

Buddhism
Buddhism

Judaism
Judaism

Islam
Islam

Christianity
Christianity

Islam

What was the effect of the development of the knowledge of navigation?(1 point)

Responses

The knowledge of navigation made binding and printing books easier. This allowed more people to learn to read.
The knowledge of navigation made binding and printing books easier. This allowed more people to learn to read.

The knowledge of navigation allowed people to travel longer distances. This allowed for more trading and a greater exchange of knowledge.
The knowledge of navigation allowed people to travel longer distances. This allowed for more trading and a greater exchange of knowledge.

The development of the knowledge of navigation had no effect. People had always traveled.
The development of the knowledge of navigation had no effect. People had always traveled.

The knowledge of navigation allowed people to travel longer distances. This allowed people to travel without talking or meeting others.

The knowledge of navigation allowed people to travel longer distances. This allowed for more trading and a greater exchange of knowledge.

Use the table to answer the question.

The Greek City-States Social Structure
Upper class: aristoi
Wealthy citizens
Owned agricultural land and equipment
Held positions in government
Middle class: artisans
Skilled craftsmen
Provided specialized goods and services
Granted citizenship and voting rights
Lower class: perioikoi
Owned less-valuable land
Granted citizenship and voting rights
Agricultural workers outside the city
Varied among polis
Women
Unable to vote
Unable to own land
Did not have the same rights and privileges as men
Rights varied by polis
Laborers and enslaved people
Unable to vote
Unable to own land
Relied on their employer
Had no legal rights
Provided agricultural services
Foreign citizens
Not granted full rights
Not granted full citizenship
Could achieve citizenship based on resources
Examine the social classes of the ancient Greek poleis. In 3–5 sentences, discuss the differences among the social classes.

(4 points)
BoldItalicUnderlineBullet listNumbered list

Short Answer Rubric (4 points)
Points Awarded Criteria
4
The answer is very clear.

The answer is fully supported by details.

There may be a few errors in grammar, usage, or mechanics. Errors do not interfere with meaning.

3
The answer is mostly clear.

The answer is supported by mostly relevant details.

There are a few errors in grammar, usage, or mechanics. Errors do not interfere with meaning.

2
The answer is somewhat clear.

Details are weak or not related.

There are some errors in grammar, usage, and mechanics. Errors interfere with meaning.

1
The answer is not clear.

There are few or no supporting details.

There are many errors in grammar, usage, and mechanics. Errors interfere with meaning.

0 The question is not answered.

In ancient Greek poleis, social structure was distinctly divided into several classes, each with unique rights and privileges. The upper class, known as the aristoi, consisted of wealthy citizens who owned agricultural lands and held governmental positions, thereby wielding significant power. The middle class comprised artisans who were skilled craftsmen and granted citizenship and voting rights, allowing for greater participation in governance. In contrast, the lower class included perioikoi, who owned less-valuable land and worked as agricultural laborers outside the city; they also had limited rights. Women, laborers, enslaved individuals, and foreign citizens had even fewer rights, being unable to vote, own land, or fully participate in civic life, highlighting the significant inequalities within the social hierarchy of ancient Greece.

In 3–5 sentences, analyze how a contribution made to math or science by a Greek scholar is still significant today.(4 points)

One of the most significant contributions to mathematics made by the Greek scholar Euclid is his work in geometry, particularly through his compilation of "The Elements." This foundational text systematically presented the principles of geometry and logical reasoning, establishing the axiomatic method that underpins much of modern mathematics. Euclid's influence persists in contemporary educational curricula, as geometric concepts and theorems derived from his work are still taught to students around the world. Furthermore, the logical structures established by Euclid laid the groundwork for advancements in various fields, including physics, engineering, and computer science, demonstrating that his impact on mathematics extends far beyond his time. His methods continue to inform not just mathematical thought, but also critical thinking and problem-solving approaches used in many disciplines today.

Answer the following question in 3–5 sentences. Why was the development and spread of Christianity relatively slow in the Roman Empire?(4 points)

The development and spread of Christianity in the Roman Empire was relatively slow due to several factors. Initially, Christianity was seen as a sect within Judaism, and its followers faced persecution from both Jewish authorities and the Roman government, which viewed the new religion as a threat to traditional Roman values and social order. Furthermore, communication and travel between regions were limited, hampering the effective dissemination of Christian teachings. The religion's emphasis on inner spiritual experience and personal faith contrasted with the public rituals and practices of traditional Roman religions, making it less appealing to the broader population at first. Although Christianity eventually gained traction, these factors contributed to its gradual acceptance within the diverse and complex landscape of the Roman Empire.