To simplify the expression \( x\left( 2^{-1}y + y^{-1}x^{-1} \right) \), we start by rewriting the negative indices:
- \( 2^{-1} = \frac{1}{2} \)
- \( y^{-1} = \frac{1}{y} \)
- \( x^{-1} = \frac{1}{x} \)
Substituting these into the expression gives:
\[ x\left( \frac{1}{2}y + \frac{1}{y} \cdot \frac{1}{x} \right) \]
Now we can simplify \( \frac{1}{y} \cdot \frac{1}{x} = \frac{1}{xy} \). The expression now looks like this:
\[ x\left( \frac{1}{2}y + \frac{1}{xy} \right) \]
Next, we need to find a common denominator for the terms inside the parentheses. The common denominator of \( 2 \) and \( xy \) is \( 2xy \).
We can rewrite each term with the common denominator:
- \( \frac{1}{2}y = \frac{y^2}{2y} \)
- \( \frac{1}{xy} = \frac{2}{2xy} \)
Putting this together we have:
\[ \frac{y^2}{2} + \frac{2}{2xy} = \frac{y^2 \cdot x}{2xy} + \frac{2}{2xy} = \frac{y^2x + 2}{2xy} \]
Now substituting back into the expression, we get:
\[ x \left( \frac{y^2x + 2}{2xy} \right) = \frac{x(y^2x + 2)}{2xy} \]
The \( x \) in the numerator and denominator can be canceled (assuming \( x \neq 0 \)):
\[ \frac{y^2x + 2}{2y} \]
Thus, the simplified expression, as a single fraction, is:
\[ \frac{y^2x + 2}{2y} \]