The factors that influenced the emergence of opposing political parties include:
- differences in opinion on how much power the federal government should have
- increase in the distribution of newspapers
These two factors played significant roles in shaping the political landscape and the debates surrounding governance in the early years of the United States, leading to the formation of parties with differing ideologies. The other choices listed, while relevant to historical context, did not directly lead to the emergence of political parties in the same way.