To find the passenger's relative velocity to the ground, you need to add the velocity of the train to the velocity of the passenger.
- The velocity of the train is 45 m/s to the east.
- The velocity of the passenger is 2 m/s to the east.
Since both velocities are in the same direction (to the east), you can simply add them together:
\[ \text{Relative velocity of the passenger to the ground} = \text{Velocity of the train} + \text{Velocity of the passenger} \]
\[ \text{Relative velocity of the passenger to the ground} = 45 , \text{m/s} + 2 , \text{m/s} = 47 , \text{m/s} \]
Therefore, the passenger's relative velocity to the ground is 47 m/s to the east.