The following options accurately describe aspects of the U.S. constitutional government:
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The three branches of government can check and balance each other. - This is a fundamental principle of the U.S. Constitution, designed to ensure that no single branch becomes too powerful.
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Powers not given to the federal government are reserved to the states. - This is established by the Tenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, which reserves to the states all powers not specifically granted to the federal government.
The remaining options do not accurately represent the design of the U.S. constitutional government:
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The judicial system is controlled by the legislature. - This is incorrect; the judicial branch operates independently, though it interprets laws passed by the legislature.
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Each citizen is given equal representation in each branch of government. - This is misleading. While citizens have the right to vote and participate in government, representation can vary (e.g., in the Senate, each state has equal representation regardless of population).
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State governments, not the federal government, determine the rights of citizens. - This is not entirely accurate; while states have significant powers, the federal government also establishes and protects certain rights (e.g., through the Bill of Rights).
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The federal government needs the approval of states in order to join international organizations. - This is incorrect; the federal government has the authority to conduct foreign affairs and join international organizations without needing state approval.
In summary, the correct options are the second and third points regarding checks and balances and reserved powers.