The correct statement is: "The electron has a negative charge and is found outside of the nucleus."
Here’s a breakdown of the other statements for clarification:
- The neutron has no charge and is found outside of the nucleus. (Incorrect - neutrons are neutral but are located inside the nucleus.)
- The neutron has a negative charge and is found in the nucleus. (Incorrect - neutrons are neutral, not negatively charged, and they are in the nucleus.)
- The proton has no charge and is found in the nucleus. (Incorrect - protons have a positive charge and are found in the nucleus.)
So the only correct option related to atomic structure is regarding the electron.