Question

In 3–4 complete sentences, construct a summary of the process of gene expression, starting with DNA and ending with proteins.

Answer 1

Gene expression begins with DNA, where the specific sequence of nucleotides in a gene is transcribed into messenger RNA (mRNA) in a process called transcription. This occurs in the nucleus, where RNA polymerase synthesizes the mRNA by reading the DNA template. The mRNA then exits the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm, where it is translated into a polypeptide chain by ribosomes in a process known as translation. Finally, this polypeptide chain folds into a functional protein, which can carry out various roles within the cell.