Marasmus is a form of severe malnutrition that is characterized by significant weight loss and a marked decrease in caloric intake. It typically occurs in infants and young children who do not get enough protein and calories, often due to inadequate food supply, poverty, or diseases that interfere with nutrient absorption.
The condition is characterized by symptoms such as:
- Extreme thinness (emaciation)
- Loss of muscle mass and subcutaneous fat
- Weakness and lethargy
- Dry, loose skin
- Delayed growth and development
Marasmus can lead to serious complications, including increased susceptibility to infections, electrolyte imbalances, and, if left untreated, can be fatal. Treatment involves the gradual reintroduction of proper nutrition, including the provision of sufficient calories and proteins, careful monitoring, and often addressing any underlying medical conditions contributing to the malnutrition.