The First Amendment to the United States Constitution is a part of the Bill of Rights, ratified on December 15, 1791. It protects several fundamental rights of individuals. The text of the First Amendment reads:
"Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances."
In summary, the First Amendment guarantees the following rights:
- Freedom of Religion: Prohibits the government from establishing a national religion and protects individuals' rights to practice their religion freely.
- Freedom of Speech: Protects the right to express ideas and information without government interference.
- Freedom of the Press: Ensures that the media can publish news and opinions without government censorship.
- Right to Assemble: Protects the right to gather peacefully for demonstrations or protests.
- Right to Petition: Grants individuals the right to make complaints to or seek assistance from the government without fear of punishment or reprisals.
These protections are foundational to the democratic principles of the United States.