The environment significantly shaped the cultures of the Northwest and Southwest regions of the United States.
In the Northwest, abundant natural resources such as fish (especially salmon), forests, and fertile land influenced the development of complex societies and thriving economies. The reliance on fishing and hunting led to settled communities, rich oral traditions, and unique art forms, with totem poles and intricate weaving being prominent.
Conversely, in the Southwest, the arid climate and limited water resources necessitated innovations in agriculture, such as irrigation and the cultivation of drought-resistant crops like corn and beans. This environment fostered a culture focused on communal living, Pueblo architecture, and spiritual connections to the land. The variations in climate and available resources thus led to distinct social structures, economies, and cultural practices in these regions.