Geography influenced the language, politics, and power centers of both the Eastern and Western Church.
The East-West Schism was significantly affected by geographic factors. The Roman Catholic Church, centered in Rome and primarily located in Western Europe, conducted services in Latin and embraced papal supremacy, which emphasized the power of the Pope over the Church and political matters in the region. In contrast, the Eastern Orthodox Church, with its centers in Constantinople, Jerusalem, Antioch, and Alexandria, primarily used Greek in its services and adhered to caesaropapism, which intertwined the authority of the Church and the state more closely.
These geographic distinctions not only influenced the language used in religious worship but also shaped the political structures and centers of power, contributing to the cultural and doctrinal differences that eventually led to the schism between the two branches of Christianity.