Here are three things that use light energy and explanations of how they utilize it:
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Photosynthesis in Plants:
- How it uses light energy: Plants utilize light energy from the sun to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen through the process of photosynthesis. Chlorophyll, the green pigment in plant leaves, absorbs sunlight, particularly in the blue and red wavelengths. This absorbed light energy drives the chemical reactions that convert the raw materials into energy-rich glucose, which serves as food for the plant, while oxygen is released as a byproduct.
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Solar Panels (Photovoltaic Cells):
- How they use light energy: Solar panels convert light energy directly into electrical energy using photovoltaic cells. When sunlight strikes the solar panel, it excites electrons in the photovoltaic material (typically silicon), causing them to flow and generate an electric current. This current can then be used to power homes and businesses or stored in batteries for later use.
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Vision in Animals:
- How it uses light energy: In animals, vision is made possible through the detection of light energy by the eyes. Light enters the eye and is focused onto the retina, where photoreceptor cells (rods and cones) respond to light. Rods are sensitive to low levels of light and help with night vision, while cones detect color and work best in bright light. The conversion of light energy into electrical signals allows the brain to interpret visual information, enabling animals to see their environment.