Losartan is an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) that is primarily used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension). It works by blocking the action of a substance in the body known as angiotensin II, which normally causes blood vessels to constrict (narrow). By blocking this action, losartan helps to relax and widen blood vessels, leading to lower blood pressure. Here are some specific effects of losartan on the body:
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Lower Blood Pressure: The primary function of losartan is to reduce blood pressure, which can help prevent complications related to hypertension, such as heart attacks, strokes, and kidney damage.
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Heart Protection: By lowering blood pressure and reducing the workload on the heart, losartan may help protect against heart failure and improve overall heart function.
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Kidney Protection: Losartan is often prescribed for patients with diabetes and kidney disease as it can help protect kidney function by reducing pressure in the kidney's filtering units.
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Reduction in Stroke Risk: By managing blood pressure, losartan can also lower the risk of strokes, particularly in patients with a history of hypertension.
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Side Effects: While losartan is generally well-tolerated, it can cause side effects in some individuals, including dizziness, lightheadedness, tiredness, and, less commonly, kidney problems or high potassium levels (hyperkalemia).
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Potential Benefit for Heart Disease: Losartan may also provide some benefits in managing certain types of heart disease and can help improve outcomes in patients recovering from heart attacks.
It's important for individuals taking losartan to have regular follow-ups with their healthcare provider to monitor blood pressure, kidney function, and any potential side effects. As with any medication, losartan should be taken as prescribed, and patients should discuss any concerns with their healthcare provider.
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