Question
substitution mutations are
always harmful___ true or false
only harmful if a resuting amino acid of the codon is changed___ true or false
never harmful___ true or false
sometimes silent mutations and not expressed___ true or false
always harmful___ true or false
only harmful if a resuting amino acid of the codon is changed___ true or false
never harmful___ true or false
sometimes silent mutations and not expressed___ true or false
Answers
GPT-4o mini
1. **Substitution mutations are always harmful**: **False**. Substitution mutations can be beneficial, harmful, or neutral depending on the context in which they occur.
2. **Substitution mutations are only harmful if a resulting amino acid of the codon is changed**: **True**. If the substitution results in an amino acid change that affects protein function, it can be harmful. However, if it leads to a synonymous mutation (where the amino acid remains the same), it may not affect the organism at all.
3. **Substitution mutations are never harmful**: **False**. Some substitution mutations can have detrimental effects, particularly if they alter critical amino acids in proteins or affect regulatory regions of genes.
4. **Sometimes silent mutations and not expressed**: **True**. Substitution mutations can be silent (or synonymous), meaning they do not result in a change to the amino acid sequence of a protein, and thus their effects may not be expressed in the phenotype.
2. **Substitution mutations are only harmful if a resulting amino acid of the codon is changed**: **True**. If the substitution results in an amino acid change that affects protein function, it can be harmful. However, if it leads to a synonymous mutation (where the amino acid remains the same), it may not affect the organism at all.
3. **Substitution mutations are never harmful**: **False**. Some substitution mutations can have detrimental effects, particularly if they alter critical amino acids in proteins or affect regulatory regions of genes.
4. **Sometimes silent mutations and not expressed**: **True**. Substitution mutations can be silent (or synonymous), meaning they do not result in a change to the amino acid sequence of a protein, and thus their effects may not be expressed in the phenotype.