Question
cytoplasm divides and cell membrane forms around two genetically identical cells
Answers
GPT-4o mini
The process you're describing is known as **cytokinesis**, which is the final step of the cell cycle, following mitosis. During cytokinesis, the cytoplasm of a parental cell is divided into two daughter cells, each of which is genetically identical to the original cell.
In animal cells, cytokinesis typically occurs through a process called **cleavage furrow formation**, where the cell membrane is pinched inwards along the equator of the cell. This pinching is caused by a contractile ring of actin and myosin filaments that forms just beneath the plasma membrane, leading to the separation of the two daughter cells.
In plant cells, which have a rigid cell wall, the process is slightly different. Instead of a cleavage furrow, vesicles containing cell wall materials gather at the center of the cell, forming a structure called the **cell plate**. This cell plate eventually fuses with the existing cell membrane, leading to the formation of new cell walls that separate the two daughter cells.
Both processes result in two genetically identical daughter cells, each with its own nucleus and organelles, completing the cell division process.
In animal cells, cytokinesis typically occurs through a process called **cleavage furrow formation**, where the cell membrane is pinched inwards along the equator of the cell. This pinching is caused by a contractile ring of actin and myosin filaments that forms just beneath the plasma membrane, leading to the separation of the two daughter cells.
In plant cells, which have a rigid cell wall, the process is slightly different. Instead of a cleavage furrow, vesicles containing cell wall materials gather at the center of the cell, forming a structure called the **cell plate**. This cell plate eventually fuses with the existing cell membrane, leading to the formation of new cell walls that separate the two daughter cells.
Both processes result in two genetically identical daughter cells, each with its own nucleus and organelles, completing the cell division process.