If the sequence of bases on the mRNA codon is AUU, what would be the sequence of bases on the opposite strand assembled by the tRNA?

Question

UUA
TAA
ATT
UAA

Answer 1

To determine the tRNA anticodon that pairs with the mRNA codon AUU, we need to find the complementary bases.

The mRNA codon AUU consists of:

• A (adenine) pairs with U (uracil in RNA)
• U (uracil) pairs with A (adenine)
• U (uracil) pairs with A (adenine)

Thus, the tRNA anticodon complementary to AUU would be:

• UAA

So the correct sequence of bases on the tRNA is UAA.

Answer 2

If the sequence of bases on the mRNA codon is AUU, what would be the sequence of bases on the opposite strand assembled by the tRNA?

UUA
TAA
ATT
UAA

Answer 3

To find the sequence of bases on the tRNA that pairs with the mRNA codon AUU, we need to understand that the tRNA anticodon is complementary to the mRNA codon.

The mRNA codon AUU consists of:

• A (adenine) pairs with U (uracil in RNA)
• U (uracil) pairs with A (adenine)
• U (uracil) pairs with A (adenine)

So the tRNA anticodon that pairs with the mRNA codon AUU would be:

• UAA

This means the correct answer from your options is UAA.

Answer 4

Which of the following correctly shows the sequence of organelles a protein would take if it were being exported from the cell?
Smooth ER → Vesicle → Golgi apparatus → Rough ER → Vesicle → Nucleus
Ribosome → Vesicle → Rough ER → Vesicle → Golgi Apparatus → Cell Membrane
Ribosome → Rough ER → Vesicle → Golgi Apparatus → Vesicle → Cell Membrane
Ribosome → Smooth ER → Vesicle → Cell Membrane → Vesicle → Rough ER

Answer 5

To export a protein from the cell, the correct sequence of organelles that the protein would typically traverse is:

1. Ribosome - where the protein synthesis occurs, either free in the cytoplasm or bound to the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER).
2. Rough ER - the newly synthesized protein enters the RER for processing.
3. Vesicle - the protein is packaged into a vesicle for transport.
4. Golgi Apparatus - the protein is modified and sorted in the Golgi.
5. Vesicle - the protein is packaged into another vesicle for export.
6. Cell Membrane - the vesicle fuses with the cell membrane to release the protein outside the cell.

Given your options, the correct sequence is: Ribosome → Rough ER → Vesicle → Golgi Apparatus → Vesicle → Cell Membrane.

Answer 6

Why do organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own DNA?
DNA is used to code for proteins, which these organelles synthesize.
They used to be free-living prokaryotes that functioned as unicellular organisms.
All organelles have their own DNA, and these two demonstrate that property.
They are responsible for their own replication and division inside the cell.

Answer 7

The most accurate answer to why organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own DNA is:

They used to be free-living prokaryotes that functioned as unicellular organisms.

This idea is a cornerstone of the endosymbiotic theory, which posits that mitochondria and chloroplasts originated from free-living bacteria that were engulfed by a primitive eukaryotic cell. Over time, these bacteria established a symbiotic relationship with the host cell, eventually becoming integral components of the cell. As a result, they retained some of their own DNA, which is distinct from the nuclear DNA of the host cell, allowing them to control certain functions related to their own replication and specific protein synthesis.

Answer 8

Why do organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own DNA?

DNA is used to code for proteins, which these organelles synthesize.
They used to be free-living prokaryotes that functioned as unicellular organisms.
All organelles have their own DNA, and these two demonstrate that property.
They are responsible for their own replication and division inside the cell.

Answer 9

The most accurate and comprehensive answer to why organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own DNA is:

They used to be free-living prokaryotes that functioned as unicellular organisms.

This statement reflects the endosymbiotic theory, which suggests that mitochondria and chloroplasts originated from free-living prokaryotes that were engulfed by an ancestral eukaryotic cell. Over time, these prokaryotes and their hosts formed a symbiotic relationship, leading to the retention of their own DNA, which is necessary for their specific functions and replication within the eukaryotic cell.

While it is also true that DNA is used to code for proteins (first option) and that these organelles are involved in their own replication (fourth option), the key reason for the presence of their own DNA is their evolutionary history as once-independent organisms. The third option is not accurate, as not all organelles have their own DNA—many do not.

Answer 10

Several people have made contributions to the field of microbiology. Antony van Leeuwenhoek built a microscope to examine cloth. What discovery did he make as a result? (1 point)
He was the first to observe cell division.
He developed the very first working microscope.
He discovered that vaccines work against rabies and anthrax.
He was the first to view a bacterium.

Answer 11

Antony van Leeuwenhoek is best known for his work in microscopy and is credited with being the first person to observe bacteria. Therefore, the correct answer is:

He was the first to view a bacterium.

Van Leeuwenhoek used his improved microscopes to observe a variety of microorganisms, including bacteria, which he referred to as "animalcules." This discovery was a significant milestone in the field of microbiology.

Answer 12

Several people have made contributions to the field of microbiology. Antony van Leeuwenhoek built a microscope to examine cloth. What discovery did he make as a result? (1 point)

He was the first to observe cell division.
He developed the very first working microscope.
He discovered that vaccines work against rabies and anthrax.
He was the first to view a bacterium.

Answer 13

Antony van Leeuwenhoek is best known for his contributions to microbiology, particularly for being the first to observe microorganisms. Therefore, the correct answer is:

He was the first to view a bacterium.

Van Leeuwenhoek used his handcrafted microscopes to observe bacteria, protozoa, and other microscopic organisms, which represented a groundbreaking development in the field of microbiology.

Answer 14

What do plant cells possess that animal cells lack?
cell membrane
nucleus
cytoplasm
cell wall

Answer 15

Cell wall is the correct answer.

Plant cells possess a rigid cell wall made of cellulose, which provides structure and support. In contrast, animal cells do not have a cell wall; they only have a flexible cell membrane. The other options (cell membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm) are present in both plant and animal cells.

Answer 16

Mateo rented a bike for $37. It costs $4 per hour, h, with an automatic charge of $13 to rent the bike.
Which equation can be used to find out the number of hours, h, Mateo rented the bike?
(1 point)
4h + 13 = 37
4h - 13 = 37
4h - 37 = 13
4h + 37 = 13

Answer 17

To determine how much Mateo paid for renting the bike, you can break down the total cost into two parts: the fixed rental charge and the hourly rate multiplied by the number of hours rented.

The total cost is given as $37. The rental charge is $13, and it costs $4 per hour, with \( h \) being the number of hours.

The equation that represents this situation can be set up as follows:

1. Start with the total cost: \( 37 \)
2. The cost structure is the rental charge plus the cost of hourly rental: \( 4h + 13 \)

Putting it all together, the equation is:

\[ 4h + 13 = 37 \]

So the correct answer is:

4h + 13 = 37.