To identify the properties that justify the steps between each line, let's clarify the expression and its transformations.
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Line 1 to Line 2: The transformation from \( (ef)g \) to \( e(fg) \) reflects the associative property of multiplication. This property states that when multiplying three or more numbers, the way in which they are grouped does not change the product. Thus:
- From Line 1: \( (ef)g \)
- To Line 2: \( e(fg) \)
- Justification: Associative Property of Multiplication
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Line 2 to Line 3: The transformation from \( e(fg) \) to \( e(gf) \) reflects the commutative property of multiplication. This property states that the order in which two numbers are multiplied does not affect the product. Thus:
- From Line 2: \( e(fg) \)
- To Line 3: \( e(gf) \)
- Justification: Commutative Property of Multiplication
So, the properties are:
- Line 1 to Line 2: Associative Property of Multiplication
- Line 2 to Line 3: Commutative Property of Multiplication