Question

The Richter scale measures the magnitude, M, of an earthquake as a function of its intensity, I, and the intensity of a reference earthquake,
.

Which equation calculates the magnitude of an earthquake with an intensity 10,000 times that of the reference earthquake?

Answers

GPT-4o mini
The Richter scale is defined by the formula:

\[
M = \log_{10}\left(\frac{I}{I_0}\right)
\]

where \( M \) is the magnitude of the earthquake, \( I \) is the intensity of the earthquake being measured, and \( I_0 \) is the intensity of a reference earthquake.

If the intensity of the earthquake is 10,000 times that of the reference earthquake, we can express this relationship as:

\[
I = 10,000 \times I_0
\]

Now, substituting this into the Richter scale formula gives:

\[
M = \log_{10}\left(\frac{10,000 \times I_0}{I_0}\right)
\]

The \( I_0 \) cancels out:

\[
M = \log_{10}(10,000)
\]

Since \( 10,000 \) is equal to \( 10^4 \):

\[
M = \log_{10}(10^4) = 4
\]

Therefore, the magnitude \( M \) of an earthquake with an intensity 10,000 times that of the reference earthquake is \( 4 \).

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