Identify the cultural role of the Greek god Zeus, the supreme deity Greeks worshipped.

Zeus, as the supreme deity in Greek mythology, played a multifaceted cultural role in ancient Greek society. His significance can be understood in several key areas:

1. **God of the Skies and Thunder**: Zeus was primarily recognized as the god of the sky, thunder, and lightning. He was often depicted wielding a lightning bolt, symbolizing his control over the natural elements and his power as a ruler of both the gods and humanity.

2. **King of the Gods**: As the chief deity of Mount Olympus, Zeus presided over the other gods and was often referred to as "Father of Gods and Men." This position emphasized not only his authority but also the hierarchical nature of the Greek pantheon. He was seen as a mediator in divine affairs and a judge in disputes among the gods.

3. **Protector of Justice and Order**: Zeus embodied the concept of *dike*, or divine justice. He was viewed as a protector of social order, law, and oaths, which reinforced the importance of morality and justice in Greek culture. Festivals, such as the Olympic Games, included rituals in his honor, reflecting his role in civic life.

4. **Patron of Hospitality**: Zeus was also associated with hospitality and the protection of guests, known as *xenia*. He was believed to watch over the treatment of visitors and strangers, and violations of this principle could provoke his wrath, reinforcing societal norms regarding hospitality.

5. **Symbols of Authority and Kingship**: Rulers and leaders in ancient Greece often invoked Zeus to legitimize their authority. He was associated with kingship and governance, and public decisions were sometimes made with an appeal to his will, highlighting the intertwining of religion and politics.

6. **Mythological Narratives**: Zeus features prominently in many myths, which served not only as entertainment but also as moral and ethical lessons. His stories often explore themes of power, justice, love, and the consequences of hubris, reflecting human experiences and societal values.

7. **Cultural Identity and Unity**: Zeus was worshiped across various city-states, and communal worship in his name helped foster a sense of identity among the Greeks. Major temples, like the one in Olympia, served as centers of worship and celebration, contributing to a shared cultural heritage.

In summary, Zeus held a central place in ancient Greek culture, representing not only divine authority and control over the heavens but also embodying the ideals of justice, order, and social values that shaped the Greek worldview. His worship and the myths surrounding him played a vital role in the moral and civic life of the Greeks.