Question
Hydrochloric acid is a strong acid. Acetic acid is a weak acid. Which statement about hydrochloric acid and acetic acid is correct?(1 point)
Responses
A solution of hydrochloric acid at equilibrium will have a greater concentration of solute than a solution of acetic acid at equilibrium.
A solution of hydrochloric acid at equilibrium will have a greater concentration of solute than a solution of acetic acid at equilibrium.
The pH of a solution of hydrochloric acid must be less than the pH of a solution of acetic acid.
The pH of a solution of hydrochloric acid must be less than the pH of a solution of acetic acid.
If the initial concentration of each acid is the same, then acetic acid will produce more H3O+ ions than hydrochloric acid.
If the initial concentration of each acid is the same, then acetic acid will produce more H 3 O + ions than hydrochloric acid.
The dissociation constant for hydrochloric acid is greater than the dissociation constant for acetic acid.
Responses
A solution of hydrochloric acid at equilibrium will have a greater concentration of solute than a solution of acetic acid at equilibrium.
A solution of hydrochloric acid at equilibrium will have a greater concentration of solute than a solution of acetic acid at equilibrium.
The pH of a solution of hydrochloric acid must be less than the pH of a solution of acetic acid.
The pH of a solution of hydrochloric acid must be less than the pH of a solution of acetic acid.
If the initial concentration of each acid is the same, then acetic acid will produce more H3O+ ions than hydrochloric acid.
If the initial concentration of each acid is the same, then acetic acid will produce more H 3 O + ions than hydrochloric acid.
The dissociation constant for hydrochloric acid is greater than the dissociation constant for acetic acid.
Answers
GPT-4o mini
The correct statement about hydrochloric acid and acetic acid is:
**The dissociation constant for hydrochloric acid is greater than the dissociation constant for acetic acid.**
This is because hydrochloric acid (HCl) is a strong acid that completely dissociates in solution, while acetic acid (CH₃COOH) is a weak acid that only partially dissociates. The dissociation constant (Ka) for acetic acid is much smaller than that for hydrochloric acid, which reflects their different strengths.
Here’s a brief analysis of the other statements:
1. **A solution of hydrochloric acid at equilibrium will have a greater concentration of solute than a solution of acetic acid at equilibrium.**
- This statement is not necessarily true in the absence of specific concentrations being given. The concentration of solute depends on the molarity of the solution prepared.
2. **The pH of a solution of hydrochloric acid must be less than the pH of a solution of acetic acid.**
- Generally true for the same concentrations, but it's not automatically true without specifying concentrations.
3. **If the initial concentration of each acid is the same, then acetic acid will produce more H₃O⁺ ions than hydrochloric acid.**
- This is false; HCl will produce more H₃O⁺ ions since it fully dissociates while acetic acid only partially dissociates.
Hence, the most accurate statement is regarding the dissociation constants.
**The dissociation constant for hydrochloric acid is greater than the dissociation constant for acetic acid.**
This is because hydrochloric acid (HCl) is a strong acid that completely dissociates in solution, while acetic acid (CH₃COOH) is a weak acid that only partially dissociates. The dissociation constant (Ka) for acetic acid is much smaller than that for hydrochloric acid, which reflects their different strengths.
Here’s a brief analysis of the other statements:
1. **A solution of hydrochloric acid at equilibrium will have a greater concentration of solute than a solution of acetic acid at equilibrium.**
- This statement is not necessarily true in the absence of specific concentrations being given. The concentration of solute depends on the molarity of the solution prepared.
2. **The pH of a solution of hydrochloric acid must be less than the pH of a solution of acetic acid.**
- Generally true for the same concentrations, but it's not automatically true without specifying concentrations.
3. **If the initial concentration of each acid is the same, then acetic acid will produce more H₃O⁺ ions than hydrochloric acid.**
- This is false; HCl will produce more H₃O⁺ ions since it fully dissociates while acetic acid only partially dissociates.
Hence, the most accurate statement is regarding the dissociation constants.