The willful and malicious burning of something is typically referred to as "arson." Arson involves intentionally setting fire to property, whether it's to a building, forest, or other types of structures or materials, with the intent to cause damage or harm. It is considered a serious crime and can have severe legal consequences, including imprisonment and hefty fines. The motivations behind arson can vary, including financial gain, vandalism, revenge, or even thrill-seeking.
If you have a more specific context or question in mind regarding arson, feel free to provide more details!