Push factors that contributed to early human migration included environmental changes such as climate fluctuations, resource scarcity, and competition for food, which compelled groups to leave their habitats. Conversely, pull factors involved the search for more hospitable environments rich in resources, including fertile land and abundant wildlife, that offered better opportunities for survival and growth.
In 1–2 sentences, analyze the push and pull factors that led to early human migration.(2 points)
9 answers
The domestication of plants and animals provided stable food sources, which allowed human populations to settle in one place, leading to the development of surplus resources. This surplus enabled the rise of complex societies by fostering trade, social stratification, specialized labor, and the establishment of permanent structures and governance systems.
Egyptians primarily utilized irrigation techniques along the Nile River to control flooding and ensure a reliable supply of water for agriculture, facilitating the growth of a stable, centralized society focused on grain production and monumental architecture. In contrast, Mesopotamians developed extensive canal systems and drainage solutions in response to unpredictable flooding and aridity in the Tigris and Euphrates river valleys, enabling diverse farming practices and urbanization in a region characterized by more variable natural conditions.
The Qin dynasty employed legalism as a means to unify China through strict laws and harsh punishments, creating a centralized and authoritarian state that discouraged dissent and promoted loyalty to the emperor. Two key legalist policies that helped the Qin gain power included the standardized writing system and measurements, which facilitated communication and trade, and the implementation of a strict merit-based bureaucratic system that reinforced the authority of the state over local nobility.
Pliny the Elder's observation about Arab traders fabricating fantastical tales to inflate spice prices reflects a broader theme of skepticism that emerged in European political beliefs regarding trade and foreign relations. This mistrust fueled a sense of competition among European powers, leading them to seek direct access to trade routes and resources, ultimately driving exploration and colonization efforts. As European nations aimed to bypass intermediaries who manipulated markets through deceit, they developed policies focused on navigating and controlling trade networks, significantly impacting global commerce and geopolitical dynamics in the centuries to come. Consequently, this pursuit for transparency and fair trade instigated systemic changes in how Europe interacted with other cultures and economies.