In 3-4 sentences, analyze the way the domestication of plants and animals led to complex societies

The domestication of plants and animals fundamentally transformed human societies by enabling a stable food supply, which paved the way for settled agricultural communities. As people began to cultivate crops and raise livestock, they could support larger populations and create surplus food, leading to specialization of labor and the emergence of different social roles. This surplus also facilitated trade and the establishment of economic systems, fostering interactions between communities and contributing to cultural exchange. Ultimately, the ability to produce food reliably allowed for the growth of complex societies characterized by stratification, governance, and technological advancement.