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Question 1(Multiple Choice Worth 4 points)

(01.03 LC)

Which major processes were needed for the origin of life on Earth?

Abundance of oxygen and the ozone layer
Active volcanoes and very cold temperatures
Low levels of ultraviolet radiation and specific mixture of gases
Organic molecules produced from spontaneous synthesis or from meteorites
Question 2(Multiple Choice Worth 4 points)
(01.03 LC)

How is modern Earth different from Earth over four billion years ago?

Constantly bombarded with comets and asteroids
Little to no oxygen
High levels of ultraviolet radiation
Protective atmosphere
Question 3(Multiple Choice Worth 4 points)
(01.03 MC)

The human GM-CSF gene and the mouse GM-CSF gene vary by more than 60% in their DNA sequence. However, when scientists place the human gene into mice, it functions properly. What best explains why this happens?

The difference between gene sequences does not change the structure of the proteins.
The resulting proteins made by the human gene are similar to the proteins made by the mouse gene.
The mouse DNA is a mutated form of the human GM-CSF gene.
Mice can make human protein without the use of the human GM-CSF gene.
Question 4(Multiple Choice Worth 4 points)
(01.03 MC)

Which statement best supports the RNA world hypothesis?

DNA molecules are a precursor to self-replicating RNA molecules, which are used to build proteins.
Early RNA molecules were able to self-replicate, which helps to explain why all organisms share the same genetic code.
Simpler self-replicating organic molecules preceded RNA and contain genetic information.
The absence of oxygen in Earth's early atmosphere allowed for proteins to catalyze the production of new RNA molecules.
Question 5(Multiple Choice Worth 4 points)
(01.03 MC)

Organic molecules are sometimes found within meteorites that crash into Earth. Which meteorite condition in space is similar to what most likely was present in Earth's early atmosphere?

Abundance of oxygen
Very cold temperatures
Presence of inorganic molecules
Low levels of ultraviolet radiation

1 answer

Here are the answers based on the provided questions:

Question 1: Which major processes were needed for the origin of life on Earth?

  • Answer: Organic molecules produced from spontaneous synthesis or from meteorites

Question 2: How is modern Earth different from Earth over four billion years ago?

  • Answer: Protective atmosphere

Question 3: The human GM-CSF gene and the mouse GM-CSF gene vary by more than 60% in their DNA sequence. However, when scientists place the human gene into mice, it functions properly. What best explains why this happens?

  • Answer: The resulting proteins made by the human gene are similar to the proteins made by the mouse gene.

Question 4: Which statement best supports the RNA world hypothesis?

  • Answer: Early RNA molecules were able to self-replicate, which helps to explain why all organisms share the same genetic code.

Question 5: Organic molecules are sometimes found within meteorites that crash into Earth. Which meteorite condition in space is similar to what most likely was present in Earth's early atmosphere?

  • Answer: Presence of inorganic molecules

Feel free to ask if you need further clarification or assistance!