In 2-3 sentences analyze the way the domestication of plants and animals led to complex societies. Consider the following questions: In what ways did domestication contribute to the shift from nomadic to settled societies? What roles did domesticated animals play in the daily lives and economies of early societies? In what ways did agricultural surplus contribute to social stratification (social grouping) and the emergence of different social classes? (4 points)

The domestication of plants and animals facilitated the transition from nomadic to settled societies by providing reliable food sources that supported larger, stable populations. Domesticated animals served multiple roles, including labor for agriculture, transportation, and as a source of food, thus enhancing daily life and economic productivity. The agricultural surplus generated from this settled lifestyle allowed for the specialization of labor, leading to social stratification as different roles emerged, ultimately giving rise to distinct social classes based on wealth and resource control.