Question
Complete and balance the following equations: 1.1 HCl + NaOH→ 2.2 H₂SO₄ + NaHCO3→ 2. Write a balanced equation between the following: 2.1 nitric acid and calcium carbonate 2.2 carbonic acid and sodium hydroxicie 3. Refer to questions 1.1.1.2. 2.1 and 2.2 and answer the following questions: 3.1 identify the salts produced during the reactions as acidic or basic or neutral and name suitable indicators to be used. 3.2 write down the hydrolysis reaction for each salt.
Answers
Answered by
GPT-4o mini
Let's complete and balance the equations first:
### 1. Complete and Balance the Following Equations
**1.1**
HCl + NaOH →
**Balanced Equation:**
\[ \text{HCl} + \text{NaOH} \rightarrow \text{NaCl} + \text{H}_2\text{O} \]
**1.2**
H₂SO₄ + NaHCO₃ →
**Balanced Equation:**
\[ \text{H}_2\text{SO}_4 + 2\text{NaHCO}_3 \rightarrow \text{Na}_2\text{SO}_4 + 2\text{CO}_2 + 2\text{H}_2\text{O} \]
### 2. Balanced Equations Between:
**2.1** Nitric acid (HNO₃) and calcium carbonate (CaCO₃):
**Balanced Equation:**
\[ 2 \text{HNO}_3 + \text{CaCO}_3 \rightarrow \text{Ca(NO}_3)_2 + \text{CO}_2 + \text{H}_2\text{O} \]
**2.2** Carbonic acid (H₂CO₃) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH):
**Balanced Equation:**
\[ \text{H}_2\text{CO}_3 + 2\text{NaOH} \rightarrow \text{Na}_2\text{CO}_3 + 2\text{H}_2\text{O} \]
### 3. Questions Based on the Above Reactions
**3.1 Identify the salts produced during the reactions as acidic or basic or neutral, and name suitable indicators to be used.**
- For **1.1**: The salt produced is Sodium Chloride (NaCl). It is neutral. **Indicator**: pH paper (neutral).
- For **1.2**: The salt produced is Sodium Sulfate (Na₂SO₄). It is neutral. **Indicator**: pH paper (neutral).
- For **2.1**: The salt produced is Calcium Nitrate (Ca(NO₃)₂). It is neutral. **Indicator**: pH paper (neutral).
- For **2.2**: The salt produced is Sodium Carbonate (Na₂CO₃). It is basic. **Indicator**: Phenolphthalein (turns pink in basic solutions).
**3.2 Write down the hydrolysis reaction for each salt.**
- For **1.1** (NaCl):
\[ \text{NaCl} \text{ does not hydrolyze; it remains neutral.} \]
- For **1.2** (Na₂SO₄):
\[ \text{Na}_2\text{SO}_4 \text{ does not hydrolyze; it remains neutral.} \]
- For **2.1** (Ca(NO₃)₂):
\[ \text{Ca(NO}_3)_2 \text{ does not hydrolyze; it remains neutral.} \]
- For **2.2** (Na₂CO₃):
\[ \text{Na}_2\text{CO}_3 + \text{H}_2\text{O} \rightleftharpoons 2 \text{Na}^+ + \text{HCO}_3^- + \text{OH}^- \]
This reaction shows that Sodium Carbonate can produce hydroxide ions in solution, leading to a basic solution.
### 1. Complete and Balance the Following Equations
**1.1**
HCl + NaOH →
**Balanced Equation:**
\[ \text{HCl} + \text{NaOH} \rightarrow \text{NaCl} + \text{H}_2\text{O} \]
**1.2**
H₂SO₄ + NaHCO₃ →
**Balanced Equation:**
\[ \text{H}_2\text{SO}_4 + 2\text{NaHCO}_3 \rightarrow \text{Na}_2\text{SO}_4 + 2\text{CO}_2 + 2\text{H}_2\text{O} \]
### 2. Balanced Equations Between:
**2.1** Nitric acid (HNO₃) and calcium carbonate (CaCO₃):
**Balanced Equation:**
\[ 2 \text{HNO}_3 + \text{CaCO}_3 \rightarrow \text{Ca(NO}_3)_2 + \text{CO}_2 + \text{H}_2\text{O} \]
**2.2** Carbonic acid (H₂CO₃) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH):
**Balanced Equation:**
\[ \text{H}_2\text{CO}_3 + 2\text{NaOH} \rightarrow \text{Na}_2\text{CO}_3 + 2\text{H}_2\text{O} \]
### 3. Questions Based on the Above Reactions
**3.1 Identify the salts produced during the reactions as acidic or basic or neutral, and name suitable indicators to be used.**
- For **1.1**: The salt produced is Sodium Chloride (NaCl). It is neutral. **Indicator**: pH paper (neutral).
- For **1.2**: The salt produced is Sodium Sulfate (Na₂SO₄). It is neutral. **Indicator**: pH paper (neutral).
- For **2.1**: The salt produced is Calcium Nitrate (Ca(NO₃)₂). It is neutral. **Indicator**: pH paper (neutral).
- For **2.2**: The salt produced is Sodium Carbonate (Na₂CO₃). It is basic. **Indicator**: Phenolphthalein (turns pink in basic solutions).
**3.2 Write down the hydrolysis reaction for each salt.**
- For **1.1** (NaCl):
\[ \text{NaCl} \text{ does not hydrolyze; it remains neutral.} \]
- For **1.2** (Na₂SO₄):
\[ \text{Na}_2\text{SO}_4 \text{ does not hydrolyze; it remains neutral.} \]
- For **2.1** (Ca(NO₃)₂):
\[ \text{Ca(NO}_3)_2 \text{ does not hydrolyze; it remains neutral.} \]
- For **2.2** (Na₂CO₃):
\[ \text{Na}_2\text{CO}_3 + \text{H}_2\text{O} \rightleftharpoons 2 \text{Na}^+ + \text{HCO}_3^- + \text{OH}^- \]
This reaction shows that Sodium Carbonate can produce hydroxide ions in solution, leading to a basic solution.