To multiply \( \frac{4}{9} \) by \( -3 \), you can treat \( -3 \) as a fraction by writing it as \( \frac{-3}{1} \).
Now, perform the multiplication:
\[ \frac{4}{9} \times \frac{-3}{1} = \frac{4 \times -3}{9 \times 1} = \frac{-12}{9} \]
Next, simplify \( \frac{-12}{9} \). Both the numerator and the denominator can be divided by 3:
\[ \frac{-12 \div 3}{9 \div 3} = \frac{-4}{3} \]
Thus, the result of multiplying \( \frac{4}{9} \) by \( -3 \) is:
\[ \frac{-4}{3} \]