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Define Pi bond
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A pi bond (π bond) is a type of covalent bond that is formed by the lateral, or side-to-side, overlap of atomic orbitals. This overlap typically occurs between p orbitals of adjacent atoms. In contrast to sigma bonds (σ bonds), which are formed through the head-on overlap of orbitals and involve direct interaction along the axis connecting the two atomic nuclei, pi bonds allow for the bonding electrons to be found above and below the plane of the bonded atoms.
Pi bonds commonly occur in double and triple bonds:
- In a double bond, one bond is a sigma bond and the other is a pi bond.
- In a triple bond, one bond is a sigma bond and the other two are pi bonds.
Pi bonds are generally weaker than sigma bonds due to the nature of the overlap, and they contribute to the planarity and reactivity of molecules, particularly in organic chemistry. Additionally, the existence of pi bonds can lead to characteristics such as resonance and delocalization of electrons in conjugated systems.
Pi bonds commonly occur in double and triple bonds:
- In a double bond, one bond is a sigma bond and the other is a pi bond.
- In a triple bond, one bond is a sigma bond and the other two are pi bonds.
Pi bonds are generally weaker than sigma bonds due to the nature of the overlap, and they contribute to the planarity and reactivity of molecules, particularly in organic chemistry. Additionally, the existence of pi bonds can lead to characteristics such as resonance and delocalization of electrons in conjugated systems.
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