Water quality tests are a set of analytical procedures used to assess the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of water. These tests help determine the safety and suitability of water for various uses, including drinking, recreation, and aquatic life support. Key parameters typically assessed include:
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Physical Characteristics: Includes temperature, turbidity (clarity), color, and odor.
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Chemical Characteristics: Involves the measurement of pH, dissolved oxygen, nutrients (such as nitrates and phosphates), heavy metals, and contaminants like pesticides or industrial chemicals.
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Biological Characteristics: Examines the presence of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, algae, and other pathogens.
Water quality tests are essential for monitoring environmental changes, ensuring public health, and maintaining ecosystems. They can be conducted in laboratories or on-site using portable testing kits, and the results inform water treatment processes, regulation compliance, and environmental protection efforts.