For the first question regarding the influence of the U.S. Constitution on the excerpt from the Constitution of France, 1958, the principle that best demonstrates this influence is:
c. Popular sovereignty
This principle is evident in both documents as they emphasize that ultimate authority resides with the people, who exercise that power through their elected representatives.
For the second question regarding the purpose of the Declaration of Independence, the correct statement is:
b. The people can overthrow a government that fails to protect basic rights
This aligns with the Declaration's assertion that people have the right to change or abolish any government that does not fulfill its fundamental purpose of safeguarding the rights of its citizens.