The four main Earth system spheres are:
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Atmosphere: This sphere consists of the layers of gases that surround the Earth. It includes the air we breathe and is essential for weather and climate.
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Hydrosphere: This includes all the water on Earth, whether it is in the form of liquid, ice, or vapor. It encompasses oceans, rivers, lakes, and groundwater.
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Lithosphere: This sphere contains solid rock and incorporates the Earth's outer shell, which includes the crust and the upper part of the mantle. It is the solid part of the Earth, including landforms and the ground beneath our feet.
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Biosphere: This sphere includes all living organisms and the ecosystems they inhabit. It encompasses life forms on land, in the water, and in the atmosphere.
Among these spheres, the lithosphere contains solid rock both below and at the Earth's surface.