The statement that accurately evaluates the impact of the flow of goods, peoples, and ideas between the Old World and the New World during the sixteenth century is:
"The flow of goods, peoples, and ideas caused long-reaching societal, cultural, biological, and agricultural changes on both sides of the Atlantic."
This exchange, often referred to as the Columbian Exchange, had profound effects including the spread of crops, livestock, diseases, and cultural practices between the two worlds.