False. The Three-Fifths Compromise was an agreement reached during the Constitutional Convention of 1787 that determined how slaves would be counted for purposes of representation and taxation. It allowed a state to count three-fifths of its slave population when apportioning representatives to the House of Representatives.
The structure of a bicameral legislature (two-house congress) was established by the Great Compromise (also known as the Connecticut Compromise), which created the House of Representatives and the Senate. So, while the Three-Fifths Compromise was significant for representation, it was not the basis for creating the two-house congress.