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# Study Guide for Unit 3

## Lesson Name & Number
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### Lesson 3: Informational Text Evidence

**Key Concepts**

If you have not done so already, watch this video on Looking Back at a Text for Evidence and answer the questions below.

1. What do we call the facts that help you know that something is true?
- **Evidence**

2. If you make a ____________, you have to back it up with _____________.
- If you make a **claim**, you have to back it up with **evidence**.

3. If you have not done so already, read the article “Finding the Best Evidence with 'Reality check: life behind Insta-glam image of 'influencers'” and answer the questions below.

1. In the article, what is one piece of evidence (example) that proves the way influencers portray themselves on social media is more glamorous than they are in real life?
- Influencers often edit their photos and curate their content to show an idealized version of their lives, which does not reflect the reality of their everyday experiences.

2. What is one piece of evidence that proves that being a social media influencer is a lot of hard work?
- Influencers spend hours creating content, managing their social media accounts, and engaging with their audience, which requires significant effort and time commitment.

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### Lesson 4: Word Choice

1. What is context?
- **Context** is the circumstances or setting surrounding a word or phrase that help to clarify its meaning.

2. What are the five strategies for using context clues to determine the meaning of an unfamiliar word?
- Definitions
- Synonyms
- Antonyms
- Examples
- Inference-based clues

3. What is a morpheme? (pronounced mor-feem)
- A **morpheme** is the smallest unit of meaning in a language.

4. A __________ __________ can stand on its own as a word.
- A **free morpheme** can stand on its own as a word.

5. How does a prefix change a word?
- A **prefix** adds meaning to the beginning of a word, often altering its definition.

6. How does a suffix change a word?
- A **suffix** is added to the end of a word and can change the word's part of speech or its meaning.

7. Adding the prefix “im-” to the word “proper” changes the meaning to mean __________ proper.
- **Not** proper.

8. Adding the suffix “-ly” to the word “proper” changes the part of speech from a noun to an _______________.
- **Adverb**.

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### Lesson 5: Informational Text Word Choice

1. What are denotative words?
- **Denotative words** are words that have a specific, literal meaning.

2. What are connotative words?
- **Connotative words** are words that carry additional meanings or emotions beyond their literal definition.

3. What is figurative language?
- **Figurative language** uses figures of speech to convey meaning or create an effect, often involving metaphor or imagery.

4. __________ is the attitude the author shows toward their subject.
- **Tone** is the attitude the author shows toward their subject.

**Practice Activity (lesson page 4):**
- Using this sentence from “How NASA Measures the Death of a Glacier from Space”:
- “Standing on frozen ground, tasting air heavy with huckleberries, I had to perch on a lofty boulder in order to focus the whole ice mass in my smartphone screen.”

1. Is the phrase “tasting air heavy with huckleberries” denotative or connotative? Explain how you know this.
- The phrase is **connotative** because it evokes sensory imagery and emotion rather than just providing a literal description.

2. In your own words, describe what the sentence means.
- The speaker is describing the experience of standing in a beautiful natural setting, feeling the air filled with the scent of huckleberries, while trying to capture the image of a glacier on their smartphone.

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### Lesson 6: Central Ideas

1. What is a central idea?
- A **central idea** is the main point or message that an author conveys in a piece of writing.

2. ____________________ are facts, statements, and examples that add _______________.
- **Supporting details** are facts, statements, and examples that add **credibility**.

3. What is a topic?
- A **topic** is the subject or theme that the text focuses on.

4. What is text structure?
- **Text structure** refers to the organized way in which information is arranged in a text.

5. Text structure helps develop the _______________ _______________ over the course of the text.
- Text structure helps develop the **central idea** over the course of the text.

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### Lesson 7: Developing Ideas

1. What is a claim?
- A **claim** is a statement or assertion that expresses a point of view or argument.

2. What is evidence?
- **Evidence** is the information, facts, or data that supports a claim.

3. What is a reason?
- A **reason** is a justification or explanation that supports a claim.

4. Why do authors include reasons when writing their research articles?
- Authors include reasons to provide logical support for their claims and to persuade the audience.

5. Evidence that consists of _______________, _______________, and _______________ helps the author put a complex study in understandable terms.
- Evidence that consists of **statistics**, **examples**, and **testimonies** helps the author put a complex study in understandable terms.

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### Lesson 8: Summarizing Informational Text

1. What is a sequence?
- A **sequence** is the order in which events or information are presented in a text.

2. Why is it important for an author to use a specific sequence when developing key ideas about the topic in a text?
- It is important because a logical sequence helps the reader understand the relationships and progression of ideas.

3. We develop important skills as we read longer texts. _______________, _______________, and ___________ _____________ are skills that will help us perform all kinds of practical tasks in the future.
- **Critical thinking**, **analysis**, and **synthesis** are skills that will help us perform all kinds of practical tasks in the future.

4. What are four different types of text structures?
- **Chronological**, **cause and effect**, **compare and contrast**, and **problem and solution**.

5. _______________ are words that help the reader change from one topic or subject to another.
- **Transitions** are words that help the reader change from one topic or subject to another.

6. What is a summary?
- A **summary** is a brief overview of the main points or ideas of a text.

7. What makes a summary objective?
- A summary is objective when it presents the main points without personal opinions or interpretations.

8. What is the process of writing a summary?
- The process of writing a summary includes reading the text thoroughly, identifying the main ideas and supporting details, and condensing this information into a brief overview.

9. What belongs in a summary?
- Key points, essential details, and the main idea of the text belong in a summary.

10. What does NOT belong in a summary?
- Personal opinions, interpretations, and unnecessary details do NOT belong in a summary.

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**Submit your completed Study Guide to the drop box at the end of Unit 3 Lesson 9.**