The top number of a time signature indicates how many beats are in each measure. For example, in a 4/4 time signature, there are four beats in each measure. If there were a 3/4 time signature, there would be three beats per measure.
To clarify a few terms:
- The "measure" (or "bar") is the segment of time in music defined by a given number of beats.
- The "note" that receives one beat is typically represented by a quarter note in 4/4 time. In other time signatures, it could be a different note value depending on what is designated as the beat unit.
Regarding the strongest beat, in most common time signatures like 4/4, the first beat is generally the strongest, creating a sense of emphasis in the rhythm. In 3/4, the first beat is also the strongest, which gives waltz music its characteristic feel.